Displaying 426 - 450 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:JordanJordanRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICALIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Consider accession to CRPD.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 43) The CRPD was ratified by the Albanian Assembly in November 2012. Concerning the OP of the Convention, the Albanian authorities are evaluating this recommendation and shall soon consider its signing and ratification. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IrelandIrelandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
- Violence on the basis of gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Intensify efforts to protect lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex individuals from acts of violence, discrimination and harassment by fully implementing the National Action Plan for LGBTI Persons 2016-2020 and amending the Family Code to provide legal recognition of same-sex partnerships.
ExplanationNoted. In relation with the amendments of the Family Code to provide legal recognition for the same sex partnership, and same sex civil union as is stated specifically in the above recommendations, the Government of the Republic of Albania is currently not planning (for the next 4 years) proposals to include these amendments on the Family Code.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:IndonesiaIndonesiaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOICIssue:
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Intensify efforts to prevent and address trafficking in persons, particularly women and children.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:CzechiaCzechiaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Continue efforts to change the prevalent gender stereotypes, combat domestic violence and further promote participation of women in political and public life.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SwitzerlandSwitzerlandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOIFIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Contribute financially to the free consultation line for girls and women victims of gender-based violence.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:N/AContents:The Law on the Rights of Prisoners and Detainees of 1998 was amended in 2014. These amendments strengthen preventive and protection measures against physical, psychological and sexual violence in prisons and detention centers. [Para 56]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Early marriage
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CEDAW was seriously concerned about the practice of child marriage, especially among Roma and Egyptian communities, often authorized by a court decision as an exception to the minimum age of marriage of 18 years. It recommended that Albania strictly prohibit child marriage and criminalize violations of that prohibition, allowing only very limited and clearly defined exceptions where courts might authorize unions for persons under 18 years of age with the consent of both partners. It also recommended that Albania raise awareness among children, parents, community and religious leaders and the general public of the negative impact of child marriage on the health and development of children, particularly girls. [Para 39]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Outcome ReportIssue:
- Sexuality education
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
- HIV and AIDS
- Right to health
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:CommentSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:N/AContents:Action Canada for Population and Development noted that specific obstacles to the realization of the right to health and to sexual and reproductive health services for vulnerable groups persisted in Albania. It welcomed therefore the acceptance by Albania of recommendations related to ensuring non-discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation, gender identity, age and HIV status, for individuals accessing healthcare services, as well as a recommendation calling for sexuality education as part of increasing access to healthcare and prevention programme. It urged Albania to ensure that comprehensive sexuality education extends to children and young people based in non-formal or out-of-school settings. [Para 429] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:NetherlandsNetherlandsRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Introduce for adoption a comprehensive, all-inclusive anti-discrimination law that includes protection against discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 5) Law "On Protection from Discrimination" (approved in February 2010) regulate implementation and respect for the principle of equality related to gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, pregnancy, family or marital status, ... or any other reason by sanctioning the prohibition of discrimination on the above grounds. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Republic of KoreaRepublic of KoreaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupIssue:
- Empowerment of women
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Put forward its best efforts to ensure women's empowerment, representation and advancement, especially in the public sector.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 33) Amendments to the Electoral Code in 2013 on the parliamentary elections, which requiring at least 30% of the candidates on the multi-name lists of candidates to belong to each gender. Amendments of Electoral Code for the 2015 local elections upon a proposal of the Alliance of Women Members of Parliament provide that: 50% of the candidates on the multi-name lists of candidates to belong to each gender. As a result, the current representation of women in the Assembly is 27.85% (39 women out of 140). Women’s representation in the Government is respectively: 8 ministers or 42%; Women’s representation in the city councils is 34.6% (from 12% after the 2011 elections) and 9 mayors (14.7%) out of a total of 61 mayors. Progress has been made in relation with the representation in the public administration. Para 34) Amendments of the Labor Code in December 2015 introduced new provisions, with direct impact in women, including: an improved definition of sexual harassment in the work place; the reverse of the burden of proof for sexual harassment; additional guarantees for women’s return to work after their maternity leave; non-discriminatory remuneration for all, and not only for men and women, etc.
Para 35) A new Code of Administrative Procedures (Law 44/2015) was approved by the Assembly of the Republic of Albania on 30.04.2015 and entered into force on 28.05.2016. An important step is the provision related the reverse of the burden of proof in matters of discrimination. The public body should be guided by the principle of equality and antidiscrimination for grounds provided by law, including gender and gender identity.
Para 36) Several bylaws in relation to economic position of women were adopted , such as: On the right to withdraw economic aid, exclusively by women, that will increase the access to financial resources; Specific measures are adopted to support women entrepreneurs and women's development initiatives in rural areas.
UN Compilation:
Para 33) [CEDAW] welcomed the amendments made in 2015 to the Electoral Code, which established a 50 per cent quota for candidates from both sexes for local elections, and noted an increase in the number of women participating in political and public life.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:BelgiumBelgiumRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure that all complaints of domestic violence are seriously investigated, with the protection of victims and the prosecution of the perpetrators, in accordance with existing legislation, in particular through raising the awareness of police forces on such issues.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 13) Law No. 108/2014 “On the State Police“ was amended, strengthening actions in the field of domestic violence and trafficking, protection measures for children and interinstitutional collaboration.
Para 46) An increase in reporting and cases management, particularly in cases of domestic violence, has been evidenced by the State Police. During 2016–2018, there are in total 13661 cases of domestic violence: 6187 claims for Emergency Protection Orders and Protection Orders (EPO / PO-7837 women and girls identified as victims of violence. 7847 lawsuits for EPO/PO.
Para 47) According to the General Prosecution Office, in relation with criminal offense "Domestic Violence" from 2016–2018, the number of recorded criminal proceedings is: 3566 cases, with an increase of percentage year by year. The Prosecution Office submitted before the court over 79% of the criminal proceedings cases.
Para 48) An online registration system on statistical data on domestic violence at the local level is operational. National Data System on domestic violence cases at the local level (REVALB) is used by 22 municipalities. Local violence coordinators in each municipality collect data on cases identified and addressed by the Referral Mechanism for Addressing Cases of Domestic Violence (Referral Mechanism). The system registers every case of violence identified and addressed by the local referral mechanism.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 30) JS5 further observed that the number of protection orders increased by one third due to increased awareness by victims of domestic violence, as well as the increased accountability of responsible institutions in addressing domestic violence. JS5 noted that courts dismissed an alarming number of protection order cases mostly because the petitioner had asked to withdraw the request or because the offender had failed to show up to the court hearing or following reconciliation.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:PolandPolandRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Provide necessary legal protection and practical assistance for victims of violence against women.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 41) Law "On legal aid", which entered into force on 1 June 2018, provide access to justice for individuals with economic difficulties including disadvantaged groups. The law defines conditions, procedures and rules on administration of legal aid guaranteed by the state, equal access to the justice system, professional legal aid, and state institutions responsible for administering legal aid. This law provides as beneficiaries of stateguaranteed legal aid regardless of their income and property, expressly victims of domestic violence, sexually abused victims and victims of trafficking in human beings, to other categories such as child victims and juveniles in conflict with the law, persons in social care, persons without legal capacity to act and victims of discriminatory behavior.
Para 42) Law No.22 / 2018 "On Social Housing", with regard of social housing programs provides for priority in terms of securing social housing victims of domestic violence, victims of trafficking and potential victims of trafficking.
Para 44) National Referral Mechanism (NRM) for cases of violence in family relations was established at the local level in 60 municipalities (out of the then total of 61 municipalities), as well employees for gender equality, with the role of local coordinators against domestic violence. Since 2016 are adopted standards of services for victims of domestic violence. There is need for a multidisciplinary, rapid and effective approach, for national and local government units' awareness on budgeting of gender priorities, applying for funding to provide social services for victims of domestic violence.
Para 45) The State Police has established a telephone service number 129 or 11 for all emergencies which operates 24 hours in 7 days. Since 2017, the Free Counselling Line 116- 117, is offering free of charge primary service of psycho-emotional support, counselling and assistance for the referral of violence, in a secure and confidential environment. National service counselling standards for victims of domestic violence were adopted.
Para 49) There are 6 non-public centers providing residential services (2 in Tirana, 1 in Berat, 1 in Korca, 1 in Elbasan, 1 in Vlora). In December 2018, was opened a Crisis Management Center for Victims of Sexual Violence “Lilium Center”, at the premises of the Tirana University Hospital Center "Mother Theresa". This Center provides 24/7 integrated services to victims of sexual violence by a multidisciplinary team. Standards of this Center were approved by Instruction of the Minister of Health and Social Protection in November 2018.
Para 78) The provision of services to victims of domestic violence has been strengthened. The number of children accommodated annually is relatively consistent, from 38–59 cases per year. A tailored integration service plan is developed for each child that includes their enrolment and monitoring of school attendance. Various awareness-raising and entertainment activities are carried out aiming to develop their social and cognitive skills. Specialist social workers and psychologists at the centre support the mothers to become part of the employment and housing schemes offered by the local government or non-profit organisations, in order to improve their financial situation. Other services available to victims, provided by public and private centres include, housing and psycho-social support, referral for medical care, legal aid, professional training courses, and employment mediation.
UN Compilation:
Para 30) … CEDAW was concerned about the prevalence of gender-based violence, the low rate of reporting of cases of gender-based violence against women, the insufficient implementation of the national referral mechanism, the insufficient number of shelters for victims of gender-based violence and the restrictive criteria for admission to those shelters, and the frequent failure to enforce protection orders and emergency protection orders. The country team made similar observations and highlighted that women from disadvantaged groups faced additional barriers to accessing services.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 27) … Both, JS5 and JS2 reported that the Law “On Free Legal Aid provided by the State” 111/2017, which provided the right for victims of domestic violence to obtain legal assistance, had not been fully implemented.
Para 29) According to JS5, victims of sexual violence received little protection and few services as the country did not have rape crisis centers or sexual violence referral centers. Victims also faced problems accessing short-term housing with the number of shelters in the country and their capacity being insufficient. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:N/AContents:Family Code, as regards the domestic violence cases, stipulates the undertaking of urgent measures by the court, at the request of the other spouse, when one of the spouses obviously does not fulfill his/her obligations and jeopardizes the family%u2019s interests. [Para 96] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:NeglectedContents:CRC noted with concern that, in northern areas, mothers were not allowed to maintain contact with their children when they lived on their own or went back to their original families following divorce or the death of their spouse, owing to the application of the "Kanun". It urged Albania to set up a system to facilitate relations between the child and both parents after divorce.[Para 35] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Women's participation
Type:Review DocumentationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:Reference AddressedContents:The HR Committee was concerned about the low level of participation of women in public affairs, and in the political and economic life, particularly in senior positions of public administration. [Para 44] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual harassment
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- Sexual violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:N/AContents:... These amendments [to the Penal Code during 2012-2013] provide for domestic violence, rape and sexual violence in the marriage, sexual harassment and psychological violence as separate offences and increase punishment for the perpetrators. Likewise, sexual violence including sexual violence with a minor are provided for as separate offences even when the perpetrator is in family relations. The articles related to pornography with the minor, exploitation for prostitution involving even a minor, physical and psychological maltreatment of the minor, trafficking in human beings are amended by adding new elements, increasing the relevant punishments as well as losing parental responsibility ... [Para 4] -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SwedenSwedenRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:6th session, December 2009Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen efforts against all forms of violence against women, including domestic violence. -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:FijiFijiRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Take into account the vulnerabilities and needs of women, children, youth, elderly persons, persons with disabilities and indigenous and other marginalised groups in developing policies on climate change and disaster risk management.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UruguayUruguayRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Conduct awareness and prevention campaigns on HIV / AIDS, providing access to appropriate therapies for people living with this virus or disease.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:LithuaniaLithuaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Continue endeavours aimed at combating domestic violence and ensure that all reports of domestic violence are thoroughly investigated and perpetrators are brought to justice.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:MoldovaMoldovaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISOIFIssue:
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure the effective implementation of the law on legal aid guarantees by the State, especially with regard to victims of domestic violence and sexual violence and ensure that victims are informed of their right to access legal aid.
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:SwedenSwedenRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:QuestionSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:N/AContents:What measures are being taken to increase funding to civil society organisations providing services for victims of domestic violence? -
State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Abortion
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:The United Nations country team … highlighted the need for a fully fledged scientific study, further political engagement from government departments and agencies and improved monitoring of the health sector with regard to sex-selective abortions. [Para 25]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:Review DocumentationSession:33rd Session, May 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:JS6 stated that although under the Law on Citizenship the acquisition of Albanian nationality should be automatic, in practice, under the law “On Civil Status” birth registration was required as a necessary precondition for the acquisition of Albanian nationality. CoECommissioner and JS6 noted this was a requirement that many Roma and Egyptians were unable to fulfil, exposing them to (the risk of) statelessness. JS6 also noted that the birth registration process in Albania could be complex and difficult to access, especially for children of parents who already lacked the documentation needed to fulfill the legal requirements for civil registration in general, including registration of births, deaths, marriages, legal residency transfers, divorces, and child custody. Albanian authorities were generally conscious of the challenges faced by Roma related to accessing civil registration and there had been initiatives to address the problem, such as encouraging early registration through the provision of financial support. Nevertheless, access to civil registration was still unsatisfactory and there were still many cases of late registration of births among persons belonging to Roma community. JS6 identified other barriers to birth registration, inlcuding births at home in rural areas, lack of information or awareness about the registration process, prejudicial attitudes among officials and other stakeholders resulting in a lack of action to identify Roma who were unregistered and at risk of being stateless. JS6 also noted that challenges related to birth registration were exacerbated in cases of children born abroad, especially for children whose parents lived abroad irregularly. Such children were likely to not have their births registered, or to only receive a birth notification which did not include the basic information (including name) required by the authorities to register their birth. [Para 49]
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State Under Review:AlbaniaAlbaniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupOICOIFSource Of Reference:BelgiumBelgiumRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:19th session, May 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Take necessary measures to speed up gender equality in practice, especially in access to professions, including at the highest level, to property, capital, medical services and housing.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 33) Amendments to the Electoral Code in 2013 on the parliamentary elections, which requiring at least 30% of the candidates on the multi-name lists of candidates to belong to each gender. Amendments of Electoral Code for the 2015 local elections upon a proposal of the Alliance of Women Members of Parliament provide that: 50% of the candidates on the multi-name lists of candidates to belong to each gender. As a result, the current representation of women in the Assembly is 27.85% (39 women out of 140). Women’s representation in the Government is respectively: 8 ministers or 42%; Women’s representation in the city councils is 34.6% (from 12% after the 2011 elections) and 9 mayors (14.7%) out of a total of 61 mayors. Progress has been made in relation with the representation in the public administration. Para 34) Amendments of the Labor Code in December 2015 introduced new provisions, with direct impact in women, including: an improved definition of sexual harassment in the work place; the reverse of the burden of proof for sexual harassment; additional guarantees for women’s return to work after their maternity leave; non-discriminatory remuneration for all, and not only for men and women, etc.
Para 35) A new Code of Administrative Procedures (Law 44/2015) was approved by the Assembly of the Republic of Albania on 30.04.2015 and entered into force on 28.05.2016. An important step is the provision related the reverse of the burden of proof in matters of discrimination. The public body should be guided by the principle of equality and antidiscrimination for grounds provided by law, including gender and gender identity.
Para 36) Several bylaws in relation to economic position of women were adopted , such as: On the right to withdraw economic aid, exclusively by women, that will increase the access to financial resources; Specific measures are adopted to support women entrepreneurs and women's development initiatives in rural areas.
UN Compilation:
Para 29) The United Nations country team noted that legislation on gender equality, nondiscrimination and domestic violence had improved, and that Albania was implementing the third National Strategy on Gender Equality for 2016–2020. CEDAW welcomed the amendment to the Labour Code that defined and reversed the burden of proof in cases of sexual harassment, …
Para 33) [CEDAW] welcomed the amendments made in 2015 to the Electoral Code, which established a 50 per cent quota for candidates from both sexes for local elections, and noted an increase in the number of women participating in political and public life.
Para 34) [CEDAW] was also concerned about the concentration of women in the informal labour market without adequate labour and social protection, the significant gender wage gap, particularly in the private sector, and the extremely low minimum wage that disproportionately affected women.83 The United Nations country team raised similar concerns.
Para 35) [CEDAW] welcomed the adoption of the action plan for supporting women entrepreneurs for 2014–202085 and the amendment made in 2014 to the Law on Social Assistance and Social Services, which provided for social assistance to be paid directly to women. Nevertheless, the Committee noted with concern the limited implementation of those measures, in particular at the local level and with regard to women and girls belonging to disadvantaged or marginalized groups.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 23) … JS1 also stated that girls often had fewer opportunities to attend secondary and tertiary education compared to boys.