UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 49176 - 49200 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    ACHPR called on the Transitional Authorities in Sudan to: strengthen the judicial system and its independence, to intensify the fight against impunity, including for gender-based violence and the violations of economic, social and cultural rights, and to ensure that those responsible for past and present crimes are held accountable; [Para 34]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS4 stated that, on 3 June 2019, government forces led by the RSF shot live bullets at protesters, beat them with sticks and batons, rounded up hundreds and subjected them to various forms of humiliation, including beating, rape and sexual assaults. [Para 25]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Ecuador

    Ecuador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Accede or ratify the following international instruments: CEDAW...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) ... Committees have been formed to study the possibility of acceding to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Reports to CESCR overdue.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Ecuador

    Ecuador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Rejected
    Contents:
    Accede or ratify the following international instruments: Palermo Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children [...]
    Explanation
    The Government does not think of acceding to [these] following international instruments at the meantime:
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) In 2013, in order to promote and strengthen the legislative framework underpinning human rights, the State ratified the Palermo Protocol ...
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Marshall Islands

    Marshall Islands
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify the CEDAW.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Decriminalize sexual relations between consenting adults of the same sex.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Ukraine

    Ukraine
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure promotion of women's rights.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Malta

    Malta
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt measures for the protection and prevention of sexual and gender-based violence, in addition to mechanisms for accountability, in conflict-affected and displacement settings.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Slovenia

    Slovenia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Investigate all cases of human rights violations and abuses, foremost gender-based violence and to hold perpetrators to account.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Family planning
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "In the field of maternal health, the national reproductive health and family planning
    policy is a main priority with respect to reproductive health issues. The interventions of the
    past few years have focused on increasing access to services and on improving the quality
    of reproductive health services by training medical assistants in the delivery of such
    services as antenatal care and family planning in particular. Intensive efforts have also been
    made to increase awareness by developing information addressing various reproductive
    health situations for dissemination at the state level through the local and national media. In
    the context of efforts to reduce the prevalence of morbidity and mortality associated with
    pregnancy and childbirth, the Sudan adopted a policy of free Caesarean operations in 2008
    and free obstetric care in 2010 in order to improve and enhance the quality of care, the
    emphasis being to ensure free life-saving care. [Para 62]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "Joint submission 7 (JS7) recommended that the Sudan sign and ratify the CEDAW; … Joint
    submission 3 (JS3) also recommended the signing and ratification of the CEDAW with
    reservations to articles of this instrument that were incompatible with Sudanese ethics and
    principles. [Para 3]"
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Syria

    Syria
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Further pursue efforts aimed at strengthening the protection of the rights of women and children through further development of legislation and mechanisms in this field.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 12) [The Elections Act] was amended in 2014 to increase the proportion of women from 25 per cent to 30 per cent and to improve geographical and proportional representation in order to widen participation.

    Para 33) The findings of a workforce survey to determine levels of employment and participation in economic life among men and women made public in April 2012. Among its more significant results, the survey showed that economic participation among both sexes increased from 39.3 per cent in 1999 to 43 per cent in 2011. The number of people reliant on paid work jumped to 40.1 per cent, standing at 43.6 per cent for men and 29.4 per cent for women.

    Para 69) The National Quarter-Century Strategy for 2007-2031 advocates the participation of women in a wholesale revival of society. One of the central elements of the Strategy is, in fact, the empowerment of women.

    Para 70) The State's concern in this regard has led it to create various frameworks as well as seven official national mechanisms to empower women and promote their role in society.

    Para 71) The national policy for the empowerment of women - which was adopted by the Council of Ministers in 2007 and has been used as a reference for the Constitution, national laws and regional and international treaties - has been updated for the period 2015-2016, with the help of development partners. Projects included in the policy aim to address issues such as education, health care, the environment, economic empowerment, human rights law, political participation and decision-making, and peace and conflict resolution. A detailed outline of a national policy to empower women has been proposed, incorporated into the second five-year plan (2012-2016) and sent out to districts and provinces.

    Para 72) The participation of women in the national legislature in 2015 was as follows. There were 131 female members of the National Assembly which has a total number of seats of 450, and there were 16 female members, out of a total of 56, of the Council of States.

    Para 73) Following the 2014 amendments to electoral law, the people of Sudan helped to reinforce the foundations of democracy by participating in the April 2015 elections and the peaceful transfer of power. The proportion of women in parliament went up from 25 to 30 per cent ...

    UN Compilation:
    Para 5) ... In 2015, the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, was concerned by the discriminatory interpretation and implementation of provisions of the Criminal Law Act, the Public Order Act and the Personal Status Act. The Special Rapporteur noted that over 26 laws, including the Personal Status Act, contained provisions that were discriminatory towards women. Proposed changes at the federal level included: an amendment to the minimum age of marriage; the harmonization of domestic substantive and procedural laws with international human rights standards; and the ratification of CEDAW and the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 10) JS2 noted Sudan did not accept previous recommendations to reform NSSA (2010) and did not amend its laws on marriage, custody, divorce, property rights, and indecency in compliance with international human rights law and as previously accepted recommendation.

    Para 48) JS1 noted that in the first cycle Sudan accepted recommendations on gender equality and women's equal rights, and on steps to amend/repeal all discriminatory provisions in the Sudanese Nationality Act of 1994. However, children can only acquire citizenship from their Sudanese mothers through an application process, whereas children of Sudanese fathers acquire Sudanese citizenship automatically.

  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Vietnam

    Vietnam
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Establish an institutional mechanism to fight discrimination and violence against women and children.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 81) The Unit to Combat Violence against Women has been created, with support from UNFPA. The Unit, which acts as a coordinating mechanism for the implementation of policies intended to prevent anti-female violence, has been running a hotline for women who have suffered violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family and child units in the capital city and in the states also work to combat violence against girls. They include the General Directorate for Women and the Family, the Unit to Combat Violence against Women (which has 18 branches in the capital and in the states), state-level women’s mechanisms and sectoral ministries. Moreover, there are women and family affairs departments in a number of ministries and government institutions, including in their offices at the state level.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Burkina Faso

    Burkina Faso
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure effective criminal justice responses to all forms of sexual and gender-based violence, particularly domestic violence and female genital mutilations.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 83) To uphold the principle of the rule of law and combat impunity, the Public Prosecutor has issued decrees for the formation of committees, made up of prosecutors and civil society representatives, to conduct investigations into cases involving violations of human rights and of international humanitarian law.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Sweden

    Sweden
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue taking strong measures to combat human trafficking and sexual exploitation and abuse of migrant women and children, including by fully implementing the Human Trafficking Act of 2014, training law enforcement officials and ensuring adequate protection for victims of human trafficking.
    Implementation


    National Report:
    Para 24) The State has continued to reform and develop domestic legislation by amending existing provisions or passing new ones, in line with obligations arising from international instruments and with a view to promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms. Since the submission of its second report, the State has issued the Constitutional Document for the transitional period in addition to a number of pieces of legislation, as follows: … (b) … • Increasing the penalty for trafficking in women and children under the Anti-Human Trafficking Act of 2014.
    Para 99) In its efforts to pursue the effective implementation of legislative measures intended to combat violence against women and children, the State has taken steps to protect women and girls, particularly those with disabilities. In terms of legislation, the Criminal Code envisages penalties for crimes, such as sexual harassment, that fall under the definition of violence against women, while the 2014 Anti-Human Trafficking Act, as amended in 2021, envisages harsher penalties for trafficking when the victims are women, children or persons with disabilities.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 56) JS3 noted that, while efforts have been taken to combat human trafficking, there was a lack of legal awareness and representation among women, including their non-participation in the elaboration of legislation and laws, with a gap between the legal text and implementation in practice. In addition, the law singled out women by making the punishment aggravating for this crime if the victim was a female or a child under the age of 18 or a disabled, and a special prosecution was established to combat human trafficking.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Georgia

    Georgia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify CEDAW.
    Explanation
    Noted. Ratifying CEDAW is under consideration
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Madagascar

    Madagascar
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the international treaties to which the state is not yet party, particularly the CEDAW and its OP ...
    Explanation
    Noted.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 22) Sudan is in the process of ratifying the following instruments: • CEDAW (1979);
    Para 23) Sudan is examining the following instruments: … OP-CEDAW (1999).
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The Human Rights Committee was concerned that a large proportion of children were still not registered and recommended that they be registered free of charge and receive official birth certificates. [Para 26]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Uruguay

    Uruguay
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt legislative and other measures to explicitly prohibit and eradicate female genital mutilation, and reinforce awareness and education programmes about its harmful effects.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 105) Work began on a draft law to prevent female genital mutilation in 2007. The draft was reviewed by a national committee for the review of laws related to women's rights in 2012-2013, and a series of consultative meetings between the Ministry of Justice and parliamentarians took place.

    Para 106) In cooperation with UNICEF the Government has launched the "Salima" campaign which is a social media initiative designed to prevent female genital mutilation. It focuses on bringing about change in society rather than in the individual, making change socially acceptable and disseminating knowledge and awareness about the harmful effects of female genital mutilation.

    Para 107) The National Council for Child Welfare, in cooperation with the National Council for Strategic Planning, drafted the national strategy 2008-2018 to prevent female genital mutilation in the Sudan. The aim of the strategy is to build capacity in institutions and in civil society, and to develop skills in society as a whole in order to help people to abandon this practice. Goals of the strategy include enacting legislation to prohibit and criminalize female genital mutilation, raising awareness in society, constructing local, regional and international partnerships, and mobilizing religious figures to play their part. The implementation of the strategy is proceeding as planned.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 36) UNESCO noted the strategy to eliminate female genital mutilation. It appeared, however, that the Sudan had not taken further steps to prohibit the practice and educate the women on their rights.

  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    The Independent Expert [on the situation of human rights in the Sudan] called upon the Government to establish a comprehensive, consultative and holistic victim-centred transitional justice process led by the transitional justice commission to redress past abuses, including gender-related crimes, and to prevent their recurrence. [Para 26]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS13 recommended to change the current composition of the Cabinet, and abide by its constitutional obligation to represent women equitably, at a rate of no less than 40% of the Cabinet. [Para 75]
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    Australia

    Australia
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify CEDAW [...]
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) ... Committees have been formed to study the possibility of acceding to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    India

    India
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying the International CEDAW.
  • State Under Review:

    Sudan

    Sudan
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure the implementation of UNSCR 1325 on women peace and security, and ratify the CEDAW.