UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 44501 - 44525 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Nepal

    Nepal
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue efforts to enhance the representation of women and minority communities in the political and public life.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Estonia

    Estonia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Provide adequate funding for implementation of the Strategy for the Prevention and Fight against Gender-Based Violence and Domestic Violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Dominican Republic

    Dominican Republic
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to strive for inclusive education, especially for girls, minorities, and students with disabilities.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Speed up measures to reduce the wage gap between men and women across all sectors in the workplace, and increase women’s participation in high-paying jobs in accordance with the Strategy for Gender Equality 2021–2030, especially focusing on Roma and rural women.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • HIV and AIDS
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Improve measures aimed at eradicating all forms of social stigmatization, discrimination and violence on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity, or of their status regarding HIV.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue its efforts to increase the representation of women within State and local administrations .
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The Civil Society Organizations and international organizations dealing with issues of protection of migrants and refugees, particularly women, are enabled access to permanent and reception centres. [Para 141]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Human rights defenders
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    29th Session, January 2018
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS5 recommended, inter alia, that Serbia conduct impartial, thorough and effective investigations into all cases of attacks, harassment, and intimidation against them and bring perpetrators of such offenses to justice. [Para 41]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    More than 100 local authorities for gender equality operate in the RS. Certain local self-government units have both authorities for gender equality and person in charge of gender equality and they operate simultaneously. [Para 16]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Norway

    Norway
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    • Human rights defenders
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    3rd session, December 2008
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    To adopt a national plan or strategy on human rights with specific measures for the protection of human rights defenders (including the protection of defenders in vulnerable positions, such as women defenders and those defending lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights).
    Explanation
    The RS shall consider these recommendations. A large number of non-government organizations are currently registered in the RS. The authorities do not limit the work of national and international human rights groups, which thus conduct their work without interference. Also, all the organizational units and competent agencies of the Ministry of the Interior are conducting permanent observations in the field, undertaking concrete activities on the protection of the lives, property and other human rights and basic freedoms of citizens. In connection with the recommendation for the implementation of the Yogyakarta principles, the RS shall study those principles and work on the advancement of the position of the LGBT population.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 105) In November 2011, Belgrade hosted the Conference "Towards a National Policy on Human Rights Defenders". The aim of this gathering was the analysis of the position of human rights defenders in the RS, as well as the improvement in the implementation of standards contained in the UN Declaration on HRD.

    Para 107) In 2012, the RS, together with Albania, Italy, Latvia, Montenegro and Poland, became a partner member state on the Council of Europe Project "Fight against Discrimination on the Grounds of Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity in Europe". The aim of the Project is to support the states in implementing the Recommendation (2010) 5 of the Committee of Ministers to members states on measures to combat discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    3rd session, December 2008
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    BIBIJA-Roma Women's Center BIBIJA expressed concern about the lack of promotion of gender equality. Serbia has established mechanisms for monitoring women's rights at the national and provincial level. Yet, the adoption of the Gender Equality Law is still pending, as well as the National Plan of Action for the Improvement of Women's Position in Serbia, an operational instrument for the implementation of CEDAW. [Para 5]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    UNESCO encouraged Serbia to pursue efforts towards inclusive education, especially for girls, minorities and students with disabilities, and ensure solid monitoring of the implementation of relevant strategies, in accordance with the Convention against Discrimination in Education, which it had ratified in 2001. [Para 69]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    ASTRA stated that certain changes continued to be needed at the legislative and institutional level [regarding human trafficking], as well as a more consistent application of existing legal provisions of international standards (especially in the area of protecting the privacy and safety of children and female victims in court proceedings). [Para 55]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Moldova

    Moldova
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Reinforce measures to prevent child sex tourism and to combat child pornography on the Internet.
    Implementation
    National Report Annex:
    Aiming to combat child pornography, amendments to the Criminal Code have introduced the definition of child pornography into the legal system, adding new paragraphs incriminating access to child pornography.
    Items of pornographic content produced by exploitation of minors (child pornography) are considered to be any materials visually displaying an underage person engaged in real or simulated sexually explicit behaviour, along with any displaying of the sexual organs of a child for sexual purposes.
    A strengthening of capacities is planned for the coming period regarding an increase in the number of police officers working on combating online child abuse for pornographic purposes.
    Activities aimed at implementing the recommendation are being continuously implemented.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 11) POC indicated that there was no system in place to prevent and combat the living conditions and work of children on the street. POC asserted that the Law on Public Law and Order did not treat children involved in child begging, prostitution and other forms of exploitation as victims.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Czechia

    Czechia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take further steps to protect the LGBT population from intolerance, hate speech, and physical attacks as well as to ensure the better inclusion of the LBGT population and to promote tolerance in this regard.
    Implementation
    National Report Annex:
    The programme “Improvement of the social welfare system for LGBTI persons and their families”, implemented by the NGO association “Duga Šabac” with the support of the Government of Serbia and the Council of Europe, organized trainings for staff at social work centres for treatment of LGBTI persons and members of their families. A total of 1037 professionals in the social welfare system from 146 social work centres and 3 centres for family accommodation and adoption have been educated to date through the basic accredited training. Advanced trainings have been completed by another 300 experts in social work centres.
    The Republic Institute for Social Protection accredited two training programmes for working with LGBTI persons, intended for professionals employed in the social welfare system. These are: 1. Guidelines for working with sexual minorities in the social work system (DUGA) and 2. Advanced training for working with sexual and gender minorities in the social work system (DUGA). After these trainings, cooperation is frequently established in specific cases, with initiatives for support programmes to parents of LGBTI persons also initiated.
    The implementation of the two-year project “Creation of tolerance and understanding towards the LGBT population in Serbian society” has been completed, implemented by the Office for Human and Minority Rights, with the support of the Kingdom of Norway.
    The implementation of the two-year project “Creation of tolerance and understanding towards the LGBT population in Serbian society” has been completed, implemented by the Office for Human and Minority Rights, with the support of the Kingdom of Norway. Public awareness-raising campaigns were implemented under this project on problems faced by LGBT persons, trainings for journalists on ethical reporting on the LGBT population, the capacities of social work centres and judicial bodies for adequate treatment of LGBT persons have been strengthened.
    Likewise, 28 projects and campaigns by civil society organizations were supported, aimed towards prevention and raising public awareness, thus implementing the measure contained in the Action Plan envisaging ensuring effective prevention of acts of violence and intolerance. Documentary films, video spots and video clips, shows, a number of professional and media events, performances, workshops and trainings were implemented as part of the campaigns. Activities also involve constant communication with national and local media, as well as communication on social networks aimed at raising awareness of the rights of LGBTI persons and facilitating their integration in the community.
    Activities aimed at implementing the recommendation are being continuously implemented.

    National Report:
    Para 45) All government officials publicly condemned all assaults on LGBT persons and attacks on Roma. All forms of violence, discriminatory behaviour and graffiti with hate speech prompted a public reaction in both print and electronic media, in addition to the prosecution of the perpetrators of such acts.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 20) CoE stated that CoE-Commissioner, while acknowledging the progress made in advancing the rights of LGBTI persons, noted that homophobia and discrimination against them persisted.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Portugal

    Portugal
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Bring the legislation against sexual exploitation of children fully in conformity with the principles and provisions of CRC, the Palermo Protocol and the Council of Europe Convention against Cybercrime and Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse.
    Implementation
    National Report Annex:
    The Article 184 of the Criminal Code contains a criminal act of mediation in prostitution, paragraph 2 of which criminalises child prostitution in accordance with the CRC, the Palermo Protocol, the Council of Europe's Convention on cyber-crime and the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Abuse. Special Protocol on the treatment of the judicial bodies for protection of minors from abuse and neglect contains a definition of sexual abuse of minors.
    Activities aimed at implementing the recommendation are being continuously implemented.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 11) POC indicated that there was no system in place to prevent and combat the living conditions and work of children on the street. POC asserted that the Law on Public Law and Order did not treat children involved in child begging, prostitution and other forms of exploitation as victims.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... CAT was concerned about the low penalties pronounced and the slowness of proceedings, and urged Serbia to punish perpetrators of violence against women and children, including domestic violence ... [Para 36]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    15th session, February 2013
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    AWC also noted that funds allocated by the State for domestic violence issues were project-based and small. Funding of programmes to combat domestic violence by the State came from donor sources. Funds allocated for the development of programmes for perpetrators and for support with specialized services for victims were insufficient. [Para 21]
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Poland

    Poland
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    3rd session, December 2008
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    To implement a comprehensive national strategy to prevent trafficking and sexual exploitation of children.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 74) Prevention, combating trafficking in human beings and assistance and protection of victims in RS are achieved at the strategic and operational level through the National Mechanism for coordination and development of the anti-human trafficking policy and National Mechanism for identification, referral, assistance and protection of victims of trafficking in human beings.

    Para 75) The Agreement on cooperation between the Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Education in the field of fight against trafficking in human beings was signed on 12 November 2009. The signatories assumed an obligation to establish a special and direct cooperation in developing the National Mechanism for identification, assistance and protection of victims of trafficking in human beings in accordance with the Strategy for the Fight against Trafficking in Human Beings in RS.

    Para 76) Specific results of the Agreement are that the Law on Health Care and Law on Health Insurance envisage better and more comprehensive protection of victims of trafficking in human beings, both domestic and international. The Law on Social Protection envisages that victims of trafficking in human beings fall into a category that enjoys special social protection.

    Para 77) In August 2009, the Law on Amendments and Addenda to the Criminal Code amended provisions of Article 388 - Trafficking in Human Beings, by increasing the legal minimum and maximum, in terms of the basic form of an offense, whereas envisaged sentence of imprisonment for the basic form ranges "from three to twelve years of imprisonment", without a possibility of pronouncing sentence below the legal minimum. Also, it is envisaged that users of human trafficking services shall be punished with imprisonment. Amendments and addenda to Article 389 have also been adopted, which now reads "Trafficking in Juvenile for Adoption", and which has increased the age limit and juveniles are protected from all forms of exploitation and trafficking.

    Para 78) For the purposes of operationalisation of the National Action Plan Against Trafficking in Human Beings for the period 2009-2011 (2009), on 1 June 2010 was initiated the Joint Program for Fight against Trafficking in Human Beings "UN GIFT Serbia" implemented by UN agencies (UNHCR, IOM and UNODC) in cooperation with the Government.

    Para 79) Activities of the Joint Program include: establishment of the Center for Protection of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings which will incorporate the Service for Coordination of Protection of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings; establishment of the first national Shelter for urgent accommodation of victims of trafficking in human beings; establishment of the Direct Aid Fund; establishment of Legal Clinics for fight against trafficking in human beings at three faculties of law (Belgrade, Novi Sad and Nis).

    Para 80) The Ministry of Interior commenced with the development of a new strategy under a working title "National Strategy for Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and Protecting Victims in RS", which shall supersede the previous Strategy for Fight against Trafficking in Human Beings from 2006.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 6) ECPAT noted that Serbia had no specific child protection law and that most provisions protecting children against sexual exploitation were included in the Criminal Code ...
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Cuba

    Cuba
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Empowerment of women
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    3rd session, December 2008
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    To continue its positive efforts to promote and protect children rights and to attain full empowerment of women.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 6) The following laws were also adopted, namely: Law on Social Housing, Law on Gender Equality ...

    Para 7) In the past the following strategies were adopted, namely: National Strategy for Improving Position of Women and Promoting Gender Equality (2009) ...

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 4) AWC stated that Serbia had established legislative framework related to the prohibition of discrimination, gender equality and protection from gender-based violence. However, insufficient attention was paid to the implementation of this legal framework in practice. The Gender Equality Law, after two years of implementation, had no effect on the actual equality of men and women. There were no publicly available reports on the effects of the implementation of the law.

    Para 15) AI noted a number of positive measures taken to tackle discrimination, including the adoption of an Anti-Discrimination Law in March 2009 and the establishment of the Office of Commissioner for the Protection of Equality in May 2010. At the same time, AI stated that in practice, vulnerable groups, including minority communities, continued to suffer from discrimination and faced difficulties exercising their rights.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Afghanistan

    Afghanistan
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Partially Accepted
    Contents:
    Finalize ratifying ... the OP-CRC-IC.
    Explanation
    Supported in the part relating to ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a Communications Procedure; ratification procedures are in progress for the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child in conformity with the Government Plan for 2023.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    India

    India
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue implementation of measures for promoting gender equality and combatting gender-based violence, including by ensuring pay parity and access to safe reproductive health services.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Laos

    Laos
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue efforts to implement the strategy for gender equality and the corresponding Action Plan.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Ukraine

    Ukraine
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Elaborate a comprehensive strategy and action plan to eliminate all forms of gender-based violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Source Of Reference:

    Zimbabwe

    Zimbabwe
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Intensify efforts to abolish child marriage through the amendment of the Family Law.