Displaying 43326 - 43350 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:SamoaSamoaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
Type:Review DocumentationSession:25th session, May 2016Status:Reference AddressedContents:... The country team urged the Government of Samoa to end discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation, including through decriminalizing sexual activity between consenting adults of the same sex. [Para 22] -
State Under Review:SamoaSamoaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthSource Of Reference:IndonesiaIndonesiaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOICIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:11th session, May 2011Status:AcceptedContents:... consider signing and ratifying ... the ICESCR ... -
State Under Review:SamoaSamoaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Adolescent pregnancy
Type:Review DocumentationSession:39th Session, November 2021Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:[CRC] recommended that Samoa ... take measures to increase enrolment and decrease the high dropout rates at the secondary school level, in particular for pregnant girls. [Para 54]
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State Under Review:SamoaSamoaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Women's participation
Type:Review DocumentationSession:39th Session, November 2021Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:JS1 recommended that Samoa: ... target villages that did not allow women matai and/or prohibit participation of women matai from village Council meetings for training on human rights. [Para 55]
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State Under Review:SamoaSamoaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:39th Session, November 2021Status:Reference AddressedContents:In 2021, the United Nations called upon Samoa to uphold its commitment to ending all forms of violence against women and girls, including violent threats, intimidation, verbal and physical harassment and abuse and indicated that it was ready to support all actors in their efforts to achieve that goal. [Para 61]
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Early marriage
Type:Review DocumentationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:N/AContents:Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986 on Family Law, in setting forth the subjective requirements for spouses, stipulates that marriage cannot be contracted by a minor, unless the minor is at least 16 years old and has been authorised by a judge to marry on serious grounds, or by a person in respect of whom a judgment for disqualification has been passed or is pending. [Para 109] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:MonacoMonacoRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOIFIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Accede to OP-CRC-IC.ExplanationThe OP-CRC-IC is currently being considered.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 15) In accordance with the recommendations accepted in the second UPR round: … (c) on 27 September 2018, San Marino acceded to the OP-CRC-IC, done at New York on 19 December 2011;
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:AlgeriaAlgeriaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICALIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Adopt measures enabling more women's political representation.ExplanationWomen's right to vote and to stand as a candidate is exercised on the basis of gender equality. In order to address the low presence of women in institutions, the last electoral reform (Qualified Law no. 1 of 5 August 2008) provides that each party list for the general elections in the country shall not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender (the so-called obligatory quotas for women")ImplementationNational Report:
Para 40) San Marino has a very advanced legislation and provides for guarantees regarding the participation of women in politics and elected offices. Under Article 15 of Law no. 6/1996 and subsequent amendments, the electoral lists for the election of the Great and General Council (Parliament) shall not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender (the so-called "gender quotas"). In addition, the same electoral legislation provides that in the event of a tie between two candidates, the first criterion on which to make the choice is gender, and in case of a different gender, the woman is the winner. In this process of emancipation, worth noting is that, to date, 25% of the Parliament’s members are women.
Para 41) In the six-month mandate from 1 April to 1 October 2017, for the first time two women were elected Captains Regent (Heads of State).
Para 42) Currently, the Government has only one female member out of seven ministers, but recently (2008-2012 legislature) two key ministries (Foreign Affairs and Internal Affairs) were run by two women for the entire legislature.
Para 43) The full participation of women in policy and decision-making processes is monitored by the aforementioned Commission and Authority for Equal Opportunities.
Para 44) The Commission and the Authority often promote initiatives to raise public awareness of the difficulties encountered by women in their daily lives: to mention just one of these initiatives, on 8 March 2019, on the occasion of Women's Day, the initiative "In our shoes" was organised, with a particular focus on national activities and legislation to combat discrimination against women in both the labour and the political world.
Para 45) In 2017, San Marino joined the Group of Friends for Gender Equality, with the aim of promoting women's leadership as a prerequisite for promoting international peace and development.
UN Compilation:
Para 25) The HR Committee … noted that the representation of women in political life remained weak, despite measures taken to remedy the situation, such as the adoption of Qualified Law No. 1/2008, which provided that each party list of candidates running for general elections should not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender. In that respect, the Committee noted with concern that only 10 of the 60 members of the Great and General Council and one of the nine Secretaries of State were women.
Stakeholders Summary:
Para 41) OSCE/ODIHR NAM interlocutors expressed dissatisfaction with the lowering of the number of preferential votes, noting that this could decrease the chances for women to be elected, …
Para 67) OSCE/ODIHR observed that while women were well represented in the election administration, they were underrepresented in elected office. The impact of the gender quota on candidate lists can be limited due to the system of preferential voting.
Para 68) CHR of CoE observed that the representation of women in politics remains very weak, despite some legislative measures to bolster it.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:Review DocumentationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:N/AContents:At present, San Marino Administration is drafting the periodic Report under the ICCPR and is updating its Core Document. These two documents will be submitted to the United Nations monitoring bodies as soon as possible. [Para 27] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:SerbiaSerbiaRegional groupEEGIssue:
- International human rights instruments
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the Istanbul Convention on the prevention and combat of violence against women and domestic violence.
Explanationthe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention) was ratified by San Marino on 18 January 2016 and, subsequently, the San Marino Parliament adopted Law no. 57 of 6 May 2016 to implement and adapt San Marino legislation to the provisions of the Convention.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:HondurasHondurasRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Intensify efforts to eliminate gender stereotypes and take measures to ensure the representation of women in political life, by adopting adequate measures to make effective the provisions of the ICCPR.
Explanationthe San Marino legal system already contains measures to increase the representation of women in political life, such as the mandatory representation of at least 1/3 of women in electoral lists of political forces. After the last general elections, held on 8 December 2019, women participation in Parliament raised to 31.5%, compared to 26.3% of the previous legislature. In addition, one of the two Heads of State for the current six-month term and the Minister of Internal Affairs are women. With regard to public officials, women, also in managerial positions, hold most of these positions in San Marino.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- Gender perspective in policies, programmes
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:UNHCR recommended that the Government of San Marino establish a gender- and age-sensitive refugee status determination procedure. [Para 33]
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CHR of CoE encouraged the Sammarinese authorities to pay special attention to women of foreign nationality in San Marino, and in particular to private carers and domestic workers. He welcomed the extension of the 11-month period of stay to 12 months, but considers that this measure should also be supported with better attention, including through labour inspections, to the working conditions of these women. [Para 77]
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:AustriaAustriaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:AcceptedContents:To provide specialized training to the police forces on how to deal with situations of domestic violence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 42) Decree no. 60/2012 provides for the mandatory training for all operators dealing with violence in various capacities (school, police forces, health and social services, lawyers and court). The Authority is responsible for annually promoting compulsory professional training courses in order to provide adequate tools and train personnel specialised in the fields of juridical, psychological and legal assistance to the victims of violence. The courses were launched in 2012 in collaboration with the Department of Training of the University of San Marino and a multiyear general plan will be soon developed for the training and refreshing of all operators, including police forces. During these courses, the contexts in which the actions of gender violence arise and the relevant reasons are analysed, in order to identify and prevent them, as well as the best practices shared at a national and international level in the field of assistance to victims. -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Sexual violence
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:N/AContents:San Marino has actively participated in the Pan-European Campaign to Prevent and Combat Violence Against Women, including Domestic Violence, promoted by the Council of Europe (November 2006 – June 2008), and has joined the Campaign on violence against women launched by the United Nations on 25 February 2008. In the context of these campaigns, San Marino has strengthened and introduced measures aimed at combating the social phenomenon of violence. One of the main results of the Council of Europe Campaign was the approval of Law No. 97 of 20 June 2008, “Prevention and Repression of Violence against Women and Gender Violence”. The new Law punishes any act resulting in physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to the victim, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty. It introduces important new elements in San Marino constitutional order: besides respect for victims’ integrity and confidentiality, it also sets forth specific provisions in the Criminal Code concerning reducing or holding in slavery or servitude, gang violence, stalking, mobbing and human trafficking, as well as protection measures for victims in criminal proceedings, namely protection and reporting orders. This Law has also established the Authority for Equal Opportunities, which is responsible for collecting data on violence against women and gender violence on a six-month basis. The Authority consists of three members appointed by the Great and General Council chosen among legal experts, representatives of non-governmental organisations active in the field of gender equality, experts in communication and psychology [Paras 38-40] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:MontenegroMontenegroRegional groupEEGIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify OP-ICESCR.ExplanationSan Marino administration has already carried out an examination of San Marino legislation for conformity with the OP-ICESCR and after assessing it as compliant, it has started the accession process.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 15) In accordance with the recommendations accepted in the second UPR round: … (b) on 20 July 2015, San Marino acceded to the OP-ICESCR, done at New York on 10 December 2008, also accepting the competence of the CESCR under Articles 10 and 11 of the Covenant;
UN Compilation:
Para 2) The HR Committee welcomed the ratification of the OP-ICESCR …
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:MalaysiaMalaysiaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANOICCommonwealthIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Continue its measures in the prevention and repression of violence against women through effective implementation of the existing domestic legislation and awareness-raising campaigns and programmes.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 16) The following important international human rights instruments were ratified within the framework of the Council of Europe in the last five years: … Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (ratified in 2016), …
Para 37) The already mentioned Law no. 57/2016 has introduced, in compliance with the provisions set out in the Council of Europe’s Istanbul Convention, new crimes relating to violence against women, gender and domestic violence. In particular, the offences of forced marriage, female genital mutilation and forced sterilisation have been introduced. Moreover, Article 235 of the Criminal Code has been amended in relation to family maltreatment, also introducing the offence of domestic violence, and Article 179 bis of the Criminal Code has been supplemented with the prohibition to discriminate based on gender identity.
Para 38) Delegated Decree no. 56 of 17 May 2018 has introduced a series of provisions to provide the Authority for Equal Opportunities with operational tools aimed at coordinating all stakeholders involved in the prevention and protection of victims of violence. In recent years, the Authority has been providing information on and raising awareness of the provisions of the Law and has signed, in collaboration with the Social Security Institute, important agreements with reception facilities outside the territory to ensure effective support for victims of violence.
Para 39) Numerous initiatives aimed at preventing and combating violence against women and gender violence have been organised in collaboration with the Authority and the Department of Human Sciences of the University of San Marino, and in synergy with public and private bodies. Among these, worth mentioning are the following: (a) training courses for police forces, educators and health and social personnel on the correct application of the legislation on violence against women and gender violence; (b) Education to Affectivity Project, developed by the Observatory on Young People (“Osservatorio Giovani”), according to the guidelines of the Council of Europe’s Pestalozzi Project; (c) training theatre workshops linked to the wider project "Theatre and Citizenship", which were developed with a view to prevention, with the aim of hindering the emergence of problematic situations and promoting forms of self-protection of the younger generations by increasing their personal and social resources; (d) multidisciplinary activities for young people developed in collaboration with the Cultural Institutes, which aim to investigate diversity, starting from gender differences, to reflect on the possibility of recognising and enhancing them, to prevent discrimination and violent behaviour; (e) seminars to "recall" the new legislation on the fight against gender violence destined to schools but accessible to all operators involved in the network of services, in collaboration with the San Marino Association of Lawyers and Notaries.
Para 55) In 2016, the Department of Human Sciences of the University of San Marino, in collaboration with the Authority for Equal Opportunities, organised an in-depth seminar aimed at all San Marino teachers of all levels to provide them with adequate training in the prevention and suppression of violence against women and gender violence, as well as violence against children. The aim of the seminar was to provide teachers with up-to-date training in the light of San Marino laws and the Istanbul Convention, and to offer them useful tools for the prevention, identification and reporting of violence. With regard to the prevention and repression of violence against women and gender violence, in addition to school staff, the University of San Marino is called to train categories such as those related to law enforcement, the judiciary, professional associations and health and social services.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 62) CHR of CoE observed that San Marino signed the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention) in April 2014, but had not ratified it yet. Para 63) CHR of CoE particularly welcomed the adoption in 2008 of a Law for combatting violence against women and gender-based violence. In addition to thoroughly modifying criminal law provisions (for example by establishing injury, rape or murder committed by a partner or a member of the household as aggravating circumstances and by defining trafficking-related offences, as well as persecutory acts such as stalking or mobbing), the law also introduced several protective measures for the victims.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:Review DocumentationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:Reference AddressedContents:The HR Committee requested that San Marino provide information on the results of the work of the Equal Opportunities Authority, instituted by act No. 97 of 20 June 2008, to improve women's representation in politics. [Para 22] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual abuse
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:N/AContents:Extensive information is provided in the country to combat all forms of violence
against children. In 2015, San Marino joined the day established by the Committee of
Ministers of the Council of Europe against sexual abuse and exploitation of children,
through intense awareness raising activities against sexual abuse aimed primarily at parents
and educators. This also involved the civil society and State television, which broadcast the
advertisement produced by the Council of Europe entitled "Kiko and the Hand", as part of
the Council of Europe’s Campaign called “One in five”. [Para 54] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:NetherlandsNetherlandsRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Discrimination based on sexual orientation
- Other
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:RejectedContents:To put in place measures to protect members of non-conventional family models from discrimination in terms of employment, immigration, family-related social welfare and other public benefits.ExplanationThe special role played by the family has always been recognised in the Republic of San Marino, since it is a fundamental and highly valuable unit of society. According to the family law presently in force, family is based on marriage, which is defined as the "union between a man and a woman, based on the free and responsible choice and on the moral and legal equality of both partners" (Art. 1 of Law no. 49 of 26 April 1986). The San Marino Welfare State provides for several social benefits and assistance measures to support also non-conventional family models. However, there are still differences between traditional family models based on marriage and other models. Therefore, the Republic of San Marino is not in a position to accept Recommendations 28/29/30.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 73) San Marino continues to protect the institution of the family, understood as a union between a man and a woman which includes children born or adopted during the marriage ...
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 8) CoE-ECRI noted that a law amending the Criminal Code with new provisions against discrimination based on ... sexual orientation grounds had been passed ... -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:PhilippinesPhilippinesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen programs on addressing gender-based violence and ensure allocation of sufficient resources to competent institutions.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:PortugalPortugalRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Takes the necessary measures to strengthen its legal framework against discrimination, in particular, by enacting comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation covering all grounds for discrimination, including gender identity.
ExplanationNoted …. it is considered that there is no need to specifically include gender identity between the grounds for discrimination, since Article 4 of the “Declaration on the Citizens’ Rights and Fundamental Principles of San Marino Constitutional Order” already provides for a comprehensive prohibition of unequal treatment or discrimination with the wording “All shall be equal before the law, without any distinction based on [...] personal status”.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CHR of CoE recommended the introduction of a legal framework ensuring the legal recognition of a person’s gender in a swift, transparent and accessible way based on selfdetermination. ... [Para 12] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:United KingdomUnited KingdomRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUCommonwealthIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:QuestionSession:7th session, February 2010Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:It inquired about steps taken to ensure legislation on violence against women covered all forms of gender-based violence. -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:CanadaCanadaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOASOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
- Gender perspective in policies, programmes
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:RejectedContents:To establish a high-level platform for the monitoring and promotion of women's rights and gender equality, and to ensure that a gender perspective is mainstreamed in policy- and decision-making.ExplanationSan Marino is not in a position to accept recommendations Nos. 3 and 4 above, because three institutions in place - namely, the Ministry for Health, Social Security, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities; the Authority for Equal Opportunities; and the Equal Opportunities Commission %u2013 already perform, under their respective mandates, the functions of protecting, promoting and monitoring women%u2019s rights.