Displaying 43476 - 43500 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Abortion
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Reference AddressedContents:The HR Committee noted with concern that the voluntary termination of pregnancy was an offence under the Criminal Code, reportedly leading women to seek abortions abroad, which could put their life and health at risk. While noting the information from San Marino that a “state of necessity” was provided for in article 42 of the Criminal Code as a justification exempting from punishment anyone forced to commit an offence in order to protect himself or herself or others from the risk of serious personal harm, the Committee was concerned that no exceptions to the general legal ban on abortion were explicitly recognized in the Criminal Code. [Para 18]
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:United KingdomUnited KingdomRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUCommonwealthIssue:
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:QuestionSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:N/AContents:What is the Government of San Marino doing to ensure access to sexual and reproductive health services for all women and girls? -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:ChileChileRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- Other
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:AcceptedContents:To assess the possibility of eliminating the concepts of legitimate children and natural children, which, according to the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, continue to exist in the domestic legal orderImplementationNational Report:
Para 44) Art. 12, paragraph 3 of the Declaration on the Citizens' Rights, guarantees that "children born outside wedlock shall enjoy spiritual, legal and social protection and be treated on an equal footing as legitimate children." To welcome the recommendation 71.22, the Congress of State has established, with Decision no. 21 of 24 June 2014, a working group in charge of preparing an ad-hoc draft law to adapt the terminology of San Marino legislation to the recommendations in question and to review the provisions in force concerning filiation by eliminating the concepts of "legitimate" and "natural" children. It should be emphasized that it is only a matter of language, since in San Marino legislation there are no differences in treatment between these categories of children. The Group has already started to work. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:MontenegroMontenegroRegional groupEEGIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the OP-CRC-SC. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:FijiFijiRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen efforts to raise public awareness on the adverse human rights impacts of labour and sex trafficking and train government competent authorities on how to effectively reduce the incidence of labour and sex trafficking. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:FranceFranceRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Sexuality education
- Domestic violence
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Guarantee access for women and girls to sexual health and reproductive rights and a comprehensive sexuality education, and combat domestic violence effectively. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Marshall IslandsMarshall IslandsRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFIssue:
- Gender equality
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Sexual violence
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Take further action to achieve gender equality, such as establishing a plan to increase female participation in political institutions, as well as preventing sexual violence against women and girls. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:United StatesUnited StatesRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOASIssue:
- Sexual violence
Type:RecommendationSession:10th session, February 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Intensify efforts to enforce existing laws and/or create laws to protect children from discrimination and violence, particularly sexual violence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 133) It should be highlighted that these legal measures have been consolidated in the new Criminal Code, which has numerous articles aimed at protecting the rights of children, as set out in international standards, in particular the following: ...
(m) Article 175 on sexual abuse of children;
(n) Article 176 on sexual abuse of adolescents;
(o) Article 177 on sexual acts with adolescents;
(p) Article 178 on homosexual acts with adolescents;
(q) Article 179 on prostitution of minors;
(r) Article 180 on child pornography;
Para 137) The exploitation, sexual violence and prostitution of children are social phenomena which are becoming increasingly important globally and Sao Tome is not exempt. Internal measures have thus been implemented to prevent and combat the development of these phenomena. The measures involve numerous public and private organizations, such as INPG, the Support Centre for Domestic Violence, education centres, social communication and the Association of Women Jurists, in national awareness-raising campaigns to prevent and combat exploitation, sexual violence and child prostitution.
UN Compilation:
Para 13) The CRC welcomed the revision by Sao Tome and Principe of its Penal Code in 2012 to explicitly include provisions on sexual abuse, exploitation of minors and child trafficking ... -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:AustraliaAustraliaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the ICESCR, ICCPR ...ImplementationNational Report:
Para 11) … In 2017, it ratified: the ICCPR, the OP-ICCPR; … the ICESCR;
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State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Republic of CongoRepublic of CongoRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the CRPD.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 11) In 2015, the country ratified the CRPD. … It has also ratified … the OP-CRPD.
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State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:IrelandIrelandRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:RecommendationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:AcceptedContents:Develop programmes and policies for the prevention, recovery and social integration of child victims of trafficking and exploitation in accordance with the outcome documents adopted at the 1996, 2001 and 2008 World Congresses against Sexual Exploitation of Children, held in Stockholm, Yokohama and Rio de Janeiro, respectively.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 63) It cannot be said that children are completely safe from discrimination, ill-treatment, violence, abuse and sexual exploitation in Sao Tome and Principe.
Para 76) The National Child Protection Policy establishes guidelines for preventing, handling and punishing all forms of violence against and abuse and exploitation of children and sets out the division of responsibilities among the relevant public authorities in the fields of justice, health, social affairs, education, public safety and crime prevention.
UN Compilation:
Para 13) UNICEF noted … that worrying phenomena continued to be observed in the area of child protection, including … sexual violence …
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 15) … In Just Atonement Inc’s view, laws explicitly prohibiting child prostitution and sexual exploitation should also be promulgated.
Para 18) Just Atonement Inc was concerned at cases of child pornography, sexual exploitation, and child prostitution in Sao Tome and Principle, and regretted that no law existed criminalizing sexual exploitation or prostitution. In also regretted that Sao Tome and Principe had not ratified the OP-CRC-SC.
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State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:Review DocumentationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:Reference AddressedContents:CRC was deeply concerned about the high rate of adolescent pregnancies, especially on the island of Principe. It recommended that Sao Tome and Principe, inter alia, adopt a comprehensive sexual and reproductive health policy for adolescents. [Para 29] -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:MauritaniaMauritaniaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICALOIFIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:10th session, February 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Seek the technical and financial assistance of UN partners and specialized agencies to improve its education system so as to reduce illiteracy and school drop-out rates, particularly of girls. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:SwedenSwedenRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:10th session, February 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Immediately ratify ICCPR and its OPs, and incorporate the provisions into national legislation. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:Review DocumentationSession:10th session, February 2011Status:N/AContents:"With the same goal, the Counselling Centre for Combating Domestic Violence in November 2006 and the National Institute for the Promotion of Gender Equality and Equity (Decree-Law No. 18/2007) were created. [Para 43]" -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:AngolaAngolaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Consider extending the deadline for registering children at birth.ExplanationNoted. It should be noted that, in Sao Tome and Principe, birth registration is completely free of charge for a period of one year after the birth. Moreover, free registration fairs and campaigns are organized periodically to allow parents to register their children, so the fact that some children have not yet been registered is not due to the time limit for registration. This matter will be addressed at a later stage. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:NamibiaNamibiaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUCommonwealthIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the OP-CRPD. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:TunisiaTunisiaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICALOIFIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
- Right to health
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Continue the efforts made to tackle HIV and ensure that infected people, especially women and children, have access to adequate health care. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:VenezuelaVenezuelaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Continue consolidating the measures adopted to combat all forms of discrimination and violence against women. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:United StatesUnited StatesRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOASIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:RecommendationSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:AcceptedContents:Identify and protect children from sexual exploitation, reduce instances of child labor by increasing labor inspections, and expanding protections to the informal sector. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:QuestionSession:37th Session, January 2021Status:Reference AddressedContents:Just Atonement Inc recommended that all births be registered; all children be provided with birth certificates; and all instances of neglect and abuse of children be investigated and addressed. [Para 9]
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State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:TurkeyTurkeyRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOICIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:AcceptedContents:Accelerate the process of ratification of the ICCPR and ICESCR ...ImplementationNational Report:
Para 11) … In 2017, it ratified: the ICCPR, the OP-ICCPR; … the ICESCR;
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State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:AustraliaAustraliaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:AcceptedContents:Sign and ratify the OP-CRC-SC.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 11) … It has also ratified the OP-CRC-SC, …
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 18) Just Atonement Inc … regretted that Sao Tome and Principe had not ratified the OP-CRC-SC. -
State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:FranceFranceRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOIFIssue:
- Gender equality
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen the effective implementation of the measures aiming at combatting discriminations and violence against women.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 14) … Women are equal to men in rights and duties and are guaranteed full participation in political, economic, social and cultural life, in accordance with the provisions set out in articles 6 and 15 of the Constitution. Consequently, all forms of discrimination are prohibited in Sao Tome and Principe.
Para 16) In order to enforce this constitutional measure, a number of laws and decrees have been introduced containing legal provisions prohibiting all forms of discrimination against and ill-treatment of children. They include: • Act No. 11/2008 on Domestic and Family Violence, which provides for the establishment of mechanisms to prevent and punish domestic and family violence … • Act No. 19/2018, the Family Code, which regulates, inter alia, the system of equality between spouses, leadership and representation of the family, the duties of spouses, addresses of family homes, the duty of care between spouses and children and the duty to contribute to family life.
Para 19) With specific reference to bodily harm and physical violence, article 7 (a) defines physical violence as follows: “Physical violence is understood as any behaviour that damages bodily integrity or health, such as slapping, pulling, pushing, hitting, pinching, biting, scratching, kicking and assaulting with weapons or objects”. Article 19 of the Act provides for penalties for offences of causing bodily harm, in the following terms: “Any person who, by committing abuse in a domestic or family setting, harms the body or health of another person, shall be punished by imprisonment for a term of from 3 to 8 years”. The penalties for aggravated offences of causing bodily harm are set out in article 20 of the Act. Para 20) Act No. 6/2012, the Criminal Code, also provides for the punishment of offences of bodily harm in general, in articles 141 to 151, and against minors in particular, in article 152. It cannot therefore be said that any legislation exists in Sao Tome and Principe that permits bodily harm against children or any other persons.
Para 25) The Counselling Centre against Domestic Violence has improved certain aspects of its internal conditions and acquired computer equipment to enable its offices to communicate with District Commands and the National Police Department in the Principe Autonomous Region. It has also set up a shelter for victims, produced behaviour change communication materials, conducted local outreach campaigns and a participatory baseline study on domestic violence, and evaluated the implementation of the Gender-based Violence Strategy and its respective update for the period 2019–2023.
Para 26) However, it should be noted that the Centre still faces many difficulties in ensuring its proper functioning.
Para 28) Also in the context of capacity-building for the judicial system, a process to modernize the entire justice system has been launched in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The aim of the process is to modernize the system’s organization, management, human resources and physical and information technology infrastructure, as well as the provision of equipment and materials. To this end, a series of actions are planned, including: … The establishment of a directorate general for crime prevention dedicated to tackling domestic violence …
Para 81) Recommendations 108.36, 108.37 and 108.39 essentially call for measures to counter all forms of discrimination and violence against women. Sao Tome and Principe has adopted a series of legislative and other measures to combat this evil, which is taking root in society: • Social Security Act No. 1/90 establishes the right to maternity leave. Women are entitled to 60 days of paid maternity leave, or 75 days in the event of a multiple birth. The Act sets the retirement age for both men and women at 62 years. • Articles 23 and 27 of Social Security Act No. 7/2004 establish the right of self-employed workers to join a social security scheme, thus filling a gap left by Act No. 1/90 and giving a large percentage of women workers in this category (self-employed, informal and domestic workers) the opportunity to join an integrated social protection scheme that provides them with a pension, among other things. • Act No. 11/2008 on Domestic and Family Violence provides for the creation of mechanisms for the prevention and punishment of domestic and family violence, in line with the commitments made under the CEDAW, and for the establishment of courts specializing in cases of domestic violence and other forms of gender-based violence. It also provides for measures to assist and protect victims of domestic violence. It defines the concept of domestic violence as “any act or omission occurring within the family or household that causes death, injury, physical, sexual or psychological suffering and material or non-material damage or deprivation of liberty in the following situations”. The Act also identifies and defines six forms of domestic and family violence, namely, physical, psychological and sexual violence and financial and emotional abuse. The penalties for offences that fall within these categories of violence are established in articles 13, 15, 17, 18 and 19 of the Act. • Act No. 12/2008 on Strengthening Legal Protection Mechanisms for Victims of Domestic and Family Violence Offences raises national awareness of violence of this kind, which constitutes a flagrant violation of women’s rights, and helps women themselves to break the silence on the subject and to draw attention to the problem by reporting cases of domestic and family violence, which was previously not considered an offence. • Act No. 6/2012, the Criminal Code, was adopted in order to protect against and prohibit all forms of discrimination and violence against women, ill-treatment and exploitation of minors and subordinates, domestic violence and so on. Articles 129 to 256 of the Code establish penalties for these offences. • Article 242 (2) of Act No. 2/2018, the Civil Service Act and Regulations, establishes the right to maternity leave of 98 days, which may be combined with annual leave and may begin 30 days before the baby is due. • Articles 15 to 22 of Act No. 62/2019, the Labour Code, stipulate that pregnant workers, workers who have recently given birth and breastfeeding workers are prohibited from performing certain activities and establish the principles of gender equality and non-discrimination in the field of employment by defining and expressly prohibiting gender discrimination, among other kinds of discrimination. • Act No. 19/2018, the Family Code, covers all the legal situations that affect families and are addressed in constitutional principles, the CEDAW and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. • Article 4 of Presidential Decree No. 3/2004, ratifying an ILO convention, stipulates that women are entitled to 14 weeks’ maternity leave, from 8 weeks before the birth to 6 weeks after the birth, and that this leave may be combined with annual leave. • It should be noted that, in addition to passing these laws, the Government, with the support of its development partners, has organized training and capacity-building activities for the officials responsible for their application and for members of civil society organizations, in order to raise awareness of their content.
UN Compilation:
Para 12) UNICEF stated that the districts of Mé-Zóchi and Lembá were among those with the highest rates of domestic violence, according to the national police. Mé-Zóchi included some of the most populated rural communities in the country. The preliminary results of the study financed by UNICEF in 2018 on the impact of interventions against domestic violence showed that awareness of domestic violence as a crime had increased in communities in the most remote areas of the country, such as those in the districts of MéZóchi and Lembá. That knowledge resulted from awareness-raising activities supported by United Nations and other organizations. Nevertheless, existing gender dynamics affected the translation of the knowledge into new behaviours.
Para 13) UNICEF noted the critical situation of women in the country, and that worrying phenomena continued to be observed in the area of child protection, including child labour, violence against children (corporal punishment was common), sexual violence and early marriage.
Para 14) UNICEF also noted that some of the most critical barriers to eliminating violence against children and women included strong gender stereotypes and discrimination, as well as multiple-partner dynamics out of wedlock, leading to an absence of social and economic responsibility by males, and the use of corporal punishment by caregivers.
Para 48) The United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN-Women) noted that some progress on women’s rights had been achieved in Sao Tome and Principe. However, work still needed to be done to achieve gender equality. As at February 2019, only 14.5 per cent of Parliament seats were held by women.
Para 49) UN-Women also referred to concerns regarding the proportion of women aged 20– 24 years old who were married or in a union before age 18, the adolescent birth rate, and the proportion of women aged 15–49 years who had reported that they had been subjected to physical and/or sexual violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months. Women aged 15–49 years often faced barriers with respect to their sexual and reproductive health and rights.
Para 50) UN-Women further noted that, in Sao Tome and Principe, data was available for only 22.5 per cent of the indicators used to monitor the Sustainable Development Goals from a gender perspective, with gaps in key areas such as unpaid care and domestic work, and for key labour market indicators such as unemployment rate, gender pay gaps and skills in information and communications technology. Many areas, such as gender and poverty, women’s access to assets, including land, physical and sexual harassment, and gender and the environment, lacked comparable methodologies for comprehensive and periodic monitoring. Addressing those gender data gaps was a prerequisite for understanding the situation of women and girls in Sao Tome and Principe and for achieving the gender-related Sustainable Development Goal commitments.
Para 51) ILO stated that, in the economic sphere, it had been found that, although women in Sao Tome and Principe were more active than men, particularly in the informal sector, they still had little economic power, according to a poverty profile study. Accordingly, one of the country’s development challenges was to ensure equal enjoyment for men and women of favourable conditions and opportunities to achieve self-reliance.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 12) The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights noted, as a step forward, the holistic efforts of Sao Tome and Principe to combat gender-based domestic violence and child abuse. The Commission noted in particular the introduction of appropriate legislation and the establishment of entities and institutions to that effect, including the Counselling Centre against Domestic and Spousal Violence. The Commission also appreciated the awareness-raising campaigns, including the “green ribbon” campaign against child abuse, domestic violence, early pregnancy, drug use and related gender-based crimes, among other violations of women’s and children’s rights.
Para 13) Despite notable advances, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights remained concerned about the high prevalence of child abuse, domestic violence, early pregnancy, drug use and related gender-based crimes.
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State Under Review:Sao Tome & PrincipeSao Tome & PrincipeRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Sexual abuse
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:Review DocumentationSession:23rd session, November 2015Status:Reference AddressedContents:... The CRC recommended that the State, inter alia, ensure mandatory reporting of cases of child sexual abuse and exploitation, and develop programmes and policies for the prevention, recovery and social reintegration of child victims. [Para 13]