UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 52801 - 52825 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    • Adolescent pregnancy
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    Poor diet and a corresponding rise in obesity and diabetes have contributed to the rise in maternal health problems. Moreover, the high adolescent birth rate (32.6, 2006-2010) is a significant contributing factor. The consequences of premature sexual activity have a disproportionate impact on young girls because their bodies are not developmentally prepared for pregnancy, in addition to the fact that they are more susceptible to HIV and other STIs due to biological factors. Education on responsible sexual behavior in conjunction with parents, in addition to community and religious leaders, is of vital importance. [Para 25]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    South Africa

    South Africa
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to strengthen legislation aimed at the elimination of gender based violence, including through public awareness campaigns.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 85) With regard to the eradication of violence against women, in February 2014, the Cabinet approved the establishment of the Central Registry on Domestic Violence for the purpose of collecting, collating, and analysing data on gender-based violence as a basis for informing policy and programmes aimed at reducing gender-based violence. An Inter- Ministerial Committee was also established in that same year to oversee the setting up of the Registry.
    Para 86) Other initiatives in relation to the eradication of violence against women include the review of the Domestic Violence Act, 1999 which was conducted in 2014-2015 with a view to introducing reforms for the greater protection of victims of domestic violence; the construction of 6 new safe house facilities for victims of domestic violence to be completed in 2015; and the implementation of Women City Centres which will provide integrated services for women relating to violence against women, economic autonomy, sexual and reproductive health, community education and child care.

    Mid Term Progress Report:
    As regards the eradication of all forms of violence against women and gender-based violence, the Government has adopted a multi-faceted approach:
    -A multi-sectoral Committee on Domestic Violence produced a Procedural Manual for Police Officers and a Report including comprehensive recommendations for addressing domestic violence. The Procedures Manual was approved by Cabinet.
    -The Gender Affairs Division of the Ministry of Gender, Youth and Child Development conducts ongoing training and public education using various media, to reduce the incidence of gender-based violence. A large volume of publications is produced each year aimed at public information and sensitization.
    -The Institute of Gender and Development Studies (IGDS) at the University of the West Indies implemented a highly successful "Breaking the Silence" project which conducted research and raised awareness nationally and in communities on the incidence of incest.
    -The Government Information Service (GIS) Radio Unit produced and broadcasted a series of radio programmes that focused on violence against women and addressed traditional stereotypes regarding the role of women and men in society. Specific programmes that encouraged the public to discuss these issues and become proactive in finding solutions included: "Women Can," "Balancing the Sexes/Female Empowerment," "Family Time, Let's Talk," "Domestic Violence," "Domestic Violence - What is Love?," and "Healing our Families."
    -The Family Court initiative, which was piloted in 2003, provides victims of domestic violence with access to mediation and redress. Currently the Judiciary is in the process of reviewing the Family Court project with a view to expanding it throughout Trinidad and Tobago. Victims of domestic violence are able to have their cases heard in the Family Court, in an environment that is more private, and less adversarial than the Magistrate Courts or the High Court.
    -Increased sensitization on the Domestic Violence Act, 1999 which provides Protection Orders for victims, as well as penalties, fines and possible imprisonment for breaches of the Protection Order.
    -Increased media attention to domestic violence has resulted in a clear shift in public opinion from views of the past, which considered domestic violence in the home as a private matter.
    -Increased emphasis has been placed on the implementation of Masculinity Programmes to equip men with strategies to cope with their changing roles and responsibilities, encourage shared family responsibilities, and reduce the incidence of gender-based violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Become party to the CRPD.
    Explanation
    The GOTT undertook to examine with a view to signing, ratifying and implementing as applicable, ... CRPD ...

    The CRPD was signed in 2007 and the GOTT has undertaken many new initiatives to protect the rights of persons with disabilities with an ultimate view to ratifying the Convention.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 11) On 25 June 2015, Trinidad and Tobago ratified the CRPD, committing itself internationally to the advancement of the rights of persons with disabilities. Although Trinidad and Tobago does not yet have legislation specifically addressing the concerns of persons with disabilities, since ratification, the Government began the process of establishing an Inter-Ministerial Committee to oversee the implementation of the Convention. The work of the Committee would also involve the formation of policy and the enactment of legislation.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Maldives

    Maldives
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Adolescent pregnancy
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    Maldives inquired on measures being considered to strengthen safeguards for young women in relation to the prevention of teen pregnancies.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The following pieces of legislation are currently under review by the Ministry of Justice: … The Sexual Offences Act, 1986 to expand the range and scope of sexual offences covered by the Act, and to repeal and replace the law governing the Sex Offender Registry; ... [Para 43]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Victim Support Units staffed by professionals in psychology and sociology were established within the Police Service to provide support to victims of domestic violence, sexual offences and crimes of a highly sensitive and personal nature. [Para 101]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CRC, however, remained concerned about the high incidence of the infection, in particular mother-to-child transmission and its wide prevalence. CESCR had also noted with concern the continuing high rate of HIV/AIDS, especially among young women. [Para 53]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Honduras

    Honduras
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Sexual harassment
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Approve the national gender policy and put it into practice in order to guarantee, inter alia, the effective implementation of the Domestic Violence Act, the establishment of appropriate and effective coordination mechanisms to ensure effective multisectoral response to sexual and domestic violence and sexual harassment in the workplace and in public life, as well as the explicit prohibition of discrimination against women.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS2 referred to the delay in registering a non-profit organisation National Pride: The Trinidad & Tobago Society Against Sexual Orientation Discrimination, as the Government was concerned whether the purpose of the corporation was to promote something illegal. [Para 27]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Sierra Leone

    Sierra Leone
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Introduce more rigorous anti-trafficking laws to better protect women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Argentina

    Argentina
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Take additional measures as necessary to ensure the full enjoyment of human rights by vulnerable groups that are suffering from discrimination, such as LGBTI persons, including investigation and punishment of cases of discrimination and repealing of laws that criminalize and stigmatize them.
    Explanation
    Noted.
    The Government of Trinidad and Tobago ultimately seeks to recognise the human rights of all citizens, which includes the Lesbian, Gay, Bi-Sexual, Transgendered and Intersexed (LGBTI) community. The development of law is a dynamic process which adapts to the development of any given society. The issue of discrimination based on sexual orientation is one which remains a matter of concern in the forefront of the mind of the GOTT. Trinidad and Tobago is seen as a leader in the region in relation to the manner in which it addresses the changing needs of its population.
    The HIV/AIDS high risk groups including the LGBTI community have been recognized in the National Workplace Policy on HIV/AIDS. This policy contributes to ongoing national efforts to decrease the spread of HIV/AIDS and to mitigate its impact. It does so by setting standards for managing HIV in the workplace and promoting structures and programmes to reduce discrimination.
    With regard to cases of violence against a member of the LGBTI community, Section 4 of the Constitution enshrines fundamental human rights and freedoms, namely, the right of the individual to life, liberty and security of the person. Every person has the right to equality before and protection of the law. A person also has the right to respect for his private and family life. The exercise of these rights is guaranteed free from discrimination based on race, origin, colour or sex.
    With particular reference to violence against the LGBTI community, the definition of rape in the Sexual Offences Act, 1986 was amended by Act 31 of 2000 to reflect a gender neutral position with regard to the complainant and the victim. This amendment serves to include protection for victims of violence in same sex relationships.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Botswana

    Botswana
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Abolish child marriage by having a minimum age of marriage at 18.
    Explanation
    Noted.
    Trinidad and Tobago received various recommendations in relation to raising the age in the definition of a "child" in domestic legislation and further raising and unifying the age of consent to marriage in Trinidad and Tobago's various Marriage Acts, as well as making said age of consent the same for males and females.
    Under the Children Act, 2012 the "age of a child" is raised to the internationally accepted standard of 18 years. This however, does not affect the age of consent in relation to marriage in domestic legislation, which is an ongoing issue of debate for Trinidad and Tobago. The GOTT has recognized that this is a specific human rights issue which must be addressed in Trinidad and Tobago. In an effort to bring domestic legislation in line with international standards and taking into account the multi-ethnic diversity which exists in Trinidad and Tobago's population, there are currently nationwide public consultations being conducted in relation to this issue.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Togo

    Togo
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Booster laws and regulations to combat trafficking of women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Marshall Islands

    Marshall Islands
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Develop and implement legislation that prohibits child marriage.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Netherlands

    Netherlands
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ensure full implementation of legislation ending discrimination based on gender identity or sexual orientation and conduct independent investigation into all acts of discrimination against LGBTI persons.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Gender perspective in policies, programmes
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Implement a National Gender Policy and an Action Plan endowed with sufficient resources to combat sexual and gender-based violence.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The country team recommended that the Government strengthen all plans and policies to eradicate violence against women, taking into account factors that increased inequality and discrimination. [Para 3]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The country team noted that women continued to experience inequality in the labour market, with higher unemployment levels than men despite educational advancements. Women were paid significantly less, even when they held equivalent qualifications to men and worked in the same job and in the same industry category. Women were often employed in the lowest paying jobs. [Para 22]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Legislation be introduced to ensure that the age of marriage is the same for males as for females.
    Explanation
    Under the Children's Bill, 2012 (currently before the Parliament for debate) it is proposed that the "age of a child" is to be raised to the internationally accepted standard of 18 years. This however, does not affect the age of consent in relation to marriage in domestic legislation, which is an ongoing issue of debate for Trinidad and Tobago. Currently there are various ages at which a male and female may consent to being married under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1945, Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act, 1961, Orisa Marriage Act, 1999 and the Marriage Act, 1923. The GOTT has recognized that this is a specific human rights issue which must be addressed in Trinidad and Tobago. In an effort to bring domestic legislation in line with international standards and taking into account the multi-ethnic diversity which exists in Trinidad and Tobago's population, the newly formed Ministry of Gender, Youth and Child Development held a nationwide public consultation in Port of Spain in 2011 to gather relevant information to inform legislative reform.
    Implementation
    Mid Term Progress Report:
    In October 2011, Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar committed her Government to reviewing the marriage laws that provide for marriage of persons under the age of eighteen with the aim of changing the law so as to ensure that children's rights are protected. Since that time, the Ministry of Gender, Youth and Child Development has been in consultation with all major stakeholders so as to bring consensus to the standardization of the legal age for marriage. Since the last consultation in 2013, the Government and stakeholders have made significant progress on these issues.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Ensure that all persons born in Trinidad and Tobago's jurisdiction, irrespective of their parents' status, are guaranteed access to birth registration procedures without reprisal to parents for doing so. [Para 18]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Brazil

    Brazil
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Consider acceding to [...] CRPD and OP-CEDAW.
    Explanation
    The GOTT undertook to examine with a view to signing, ratifying and implementing as applicable, ... OP-CEDAW ... CRPD ...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 11) On 25 June 2015, Trinidad and Tobago ratified the CRPD, committing itself internationally to the advancement of the rights of persons with disabilities. Although Trinidad and Tobago does not yet have legislation specifically addressing the concerns of persons with disabilities, since ratification, the Government began the process of establishing an Inter-Ministerial Committee to oversee the implementation of the Convention. The work of the Committee would also involve the formation of policy and the enactment of legislation.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "Trinidad and Tobago has a very active and diverse civil society and NGO community. While traditional international NGOs such as the Red Cross Society, the Young Men’s Christian Association and the Family Planning Association address a varied array of human rights issues, the majority of NGOs in Trinidad and Tobago tend to be focused on a specific topic, such as, either, advancement of women, rights of the child, domestic violence, persons with disabilities, unemployment relief, abuse in all its forms or HIV/AIDS. The local civil society has also evolved to reflect the plural nature of this country, with some NGOs focusing on the advancement of women from specific ethnic and religious backgrounds. Nonetheless, these NGOs do not withhold assistance from women outside of this group who may wish to access their services.
    [Paras 2-3]"
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Marital rape
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Marital rape constitutes a criminal offence in Trinidad and Tobago. [Para 96]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CESCR encouraged Trinidad and Tobago to undertake proactive policies to promote the rights of individuals, especially with regard to their sexual orientation and HIV/AIDS status. [Para 38]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS2 indicated that, in available sampling, HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men had been measured at 20 per cent, four to eight times higher than estimated national rates of HIV. [Para 28]