UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 52651 - 52675 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Tonga

    Tonga
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Malaysia

    Malaysia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue efforts to ratify the CEDAW.
  • State Under Review:

    Tonga

    Tonga
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Uruguay

    Uruguay
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify the CRPD and strengthen actions related to improving their access to health, education, employment, public places, transport and information.
  • State Under Review:

    Tonga

    Tonga
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Maldives

    Maldives
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Increase the participation of women at all levels of social, political, and economic decision-making processes in the Government.
  • State Under Review:

    Tonga

    Tonga
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Tonga submitted and presented its initial CRC report before the UN Committee on
    the Rights of the Child in May 2019. The Initial Report was reviewed by the Committee on
    the Rights of the Child in 2019 and it was adopted by the Committee on the Rights of the
    Child during its 81st session (13-31 May 2019). ... The Ministry of Education and Training, as the implementing agency of the Convention on the Rights of the Child is currently working in consultation with relevant stakeholders on Tonga’s CRC report which is due to the Committee on the Rights of Childrenin December 2023. {Paras 43 and 44]
  • State Under Review:

    Tonga

    Tonga
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JAI further recommended that Tonga should increase accountability and women’s access to justice. According to JAI, Tonga can do this by studying the impact of current laws on women, increasing awareness of legal remedies, ensuring affordability of legal services, and bringing justice mechanisms in line with the CEDAW. [Para 44]
  • State Under Review:

    Tonga

    Tonga
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    43rd Session, May 2023
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    [CRC] expressed concern that: … (c) children were reportedly engaged in the worst forms of child labour, including commercial sexual exploitation … [Para 48]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Ecuador

    Ecuador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Pursue efforts to strengthen legislation and public policies aimed at eradicating violence against women.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Malaysia

    Malaysia
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take immediate and long term actions to eliminate discrimination and violence against women, narrow the gender gap in economic and social settings, and undertake public campaigns against gender-based violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Consider, to the extent possible, acceding to OP-CRC-SC.
    Explanation
    Noted.
    With regard to the Optional Protocol to the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, definitive steps have been taken to address the relevant issues under the OP within domestic legislation such as the Trafficking in Persons Act, 2011 and the Children Act, 2012.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Norway

    Norway
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Take steps to combat discrimination of LGBTI people in legislation and practice, including decriminalisation of sexual activities between consenting adults of the same sex
    Explanation
    Noted.
    The Government of Trinidad and Tobago ultimately seeks to recognise the human rights of all citizens, which includes the Lesbian, Gay, Bi-Sexual, Transgendered and Intersexed (LGBTI) community. The development of law is a dynamic process which adapts to the development of any given society. The issue of discrimination based on sexual orientation is one which remains a matter of concern in the forefront of the mind of the GOTT. Trinidad and Tobago is seen as a leader in the region in relation to the manner in which it addresses the changing needs of its population.
    The HIV/AIDS high risk groups including the LGBTI community have been recognized in the National Workplace Policy on HIV/AIDS. This policy contributes to ongoing national efforts to decrease the spread of HIV/AIDS and to mitigate its impact. It does so by setting standards for managing HIV in the workplace and promoting structures and programmes to reduce discrimination.
    With regard to cases of violence against a member of the LGBTI community, Section 4 of the Constitution enshrines fundamental human rights and freedoms, namely, the right of the individual to life, liberty and security of the person. Every person has the right to equality before and protection of the law. A person also has the right to respect for his private and family life. The exercise of these rights is guaranteed free from discrimination based on race, origin, colour or sex.
    With particular reference to violence against the LGBTI community, the definition of rape in the Sexual Offences Act, 1986 was amended by Act 31 of 2000 to reflect a gender neutral position with regard to the complainant and the victim. This amendment serves to include protection for victims of violence in same sex relationships.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS2 referred to the delay in registering a non-profit organisation National Pride: The Trinidad & Tobago Society Against Sexual Orientation Discrimination, as the Government was concerned whether the purpose of the corporation was to promote something illegal. [Para 27]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    The policy of the Government of Trinidad and Tobago for the period of the Second Cycle of UPR is guided by its 2015 manifesto developed in accordance with efforts towards achieving the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The priorities are as follows:
    Gender affairs
    The Government is committed to the establishment of gender equality through the development of strategies that are more equitable by considering the different needs, constraints, opportunities and priorities of men and women.
    [Para 99]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CEDAW requested data on trafficking in persons, disaggregated by age, sex and origin of victim. It asked whether a study had been carried out to investigate the extent and root causes of trafficking in persons and exploitation of prostitution, particularly of women and girls. Given that the counter- trafficking unit had been established to, among other things, investigate cases, screen, identify, protect and assist victims, and raise public awareness about such crimes, the Committee requested information on the number of cases that had been investigated, the number of perpetrators prosecuted and the nature of the sanctions imposed on perpetrators of trafficking in persons and in women and girls in particular. The Committee asked for an update on efforts to adopt and implement a gender-responsive national action plan on child labour in order to address the problem of internal trafficking of children, particularly girls, for engagement in agricultural and other forms of work. [Para 19]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    SOGIE1 commended that in November 2014 Trinidad and Tobago established a standing Joint Select Committee (JSC) on Human Rights, Diversity, the Environment and Sustainable Development. The Committee established domestic violence as its first priority and produced a June 2015 report examining programmes and services which provide support to victims of domestic violence. It invited 28 NGOs to make submissions. LGBTI NGOs were not among them, and the report made no recognition of the gaps in services for victims of same-sex domestic violence and the stigma they face. [Para 10]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Legislation be introduced to ensure that the age of marriage is the same for males as for females.
    Explanation
    Under the Children's Bill, 2012 (currently before the Parliament for debate) it is proposed that the "age of a child" is to be raised to the internationally accepted standard of 18 years. This however, does not affect the age of consent in relation to marriage in domestic legislation, which is an ongoing issue of debate for Trinidad and Tobago. Currently there are various ages at which a male and female may consent to being married under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1945, Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act, 1961, Orisa Marriage Act, 1999 and the Marriage Act, 1923. The GOTT has recognized that this is a specific human rights issue which must be addressed in Trinidad and Tobago. In an effort to bring domestic legislation in line with international standards and taking into account the multi-ethnic diversity which exists in Trinidad and Tobago's population, the newly formed Ministry of Gender, Youth and Child Development held a nationwide public consultation in Port of Spain in 2011 to gather relevant information to inform legislative reform.
    Implementation
    Mid Term Progress Report:
    In October 2011, Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar committed her Government to reviewing the marriage laws that provide for marriage of persons under the age of eighteen with the aim of changing the law so as to ensure that children's rights are protected. Since that time, the Ministry of Gender, Youth and Child Development has been in consultation with all major stakeholders so as to bring consensus to the standardization of the legal age for marriage. Since the last consultation in 2013, the Government and stakeholders have made significant progress on these issues.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    While Trinidad and Tobago has achieved gender parity in education, it is now faced with the converse problem of the lower enrolment and success rate among boys. This is a cause for concern and the Government is working with various stakeholders to address this issue. [Para 69]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    In 2000, HR Committee placed on record its profound regret at the denunciation of ICCPR-OP 1. [Para 1]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS2 noted that the 2009 draft policy (on gender and development) categorically excluded from its scope any treatment of sexual orientation and homosexuality. [Para 4]
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    South Africa

    South Africa
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to strengthen legislation aimed at the elimination of gender based violence, including through public awareness campaigns.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 85) With regard to the eradication of violence against women, in February 2014, the Cabinet approved the establishment of the Central Registry on Domestic Violence for the purpose of collecting, collating, and analysing data on gender-based violence as a basis for informing policy and programmes aimed at reducing gender-based violence. An Inter- Ministerial Committee was also established in that same year to oversee the setting up of the Registry.
    Para 86) Other initiatives in relation to the eradication of violence against women include the review of the Domestic Violence Act, 1999 which was conducted in 2014-2015 with a view to introducing reforms for the greater protection of victims of domestic violence; the construction of 6 new safe house facilities for victims of domestic violence to be completed in 2015; and the implementation of Women City Centres which will provide integrated services for women relating to violence against women, economic autonomy, sexual and reproductive health, community education and child care.

    Mid Term Progress Report:
    As regards the eradication of all forms of violence against women and gender-based violence, the Government has adopted a multi-faceted approach:
    -A multi-sectoral Committee on Domestic Violence produced a Procedural Manual for Police Officers and a Report including comprehensive recommendations for addressing domestic violence. The Procedures Manual was approved by Cabinet.
    -The Gender Affairs Division of the Ministry of Gender, Youth and Child Development conducts ongoing training and public education using various media, to reduce the incidence of gender-based violence. A large volume of publications is produced each year aimed at public information and sensitization.
    -The Institute of Gender and Development Studies (IGDS) at the University of the West Indies implemented a highly successful "Breaking the Silence" project which conducted research and raised awareness nationally and in communities on the incidence of incest.
    -The Government Information Service (GIS) Radio Unit produced and broadcasted a series of radio programmes that focused on violence against women and addressed traditional stereotypes regarding the role of women and men in society. Specific programmes that encouraged the public to discuss these issues and become proactive in finding solutions included: "Women Can," "Balancing the Sexes/Female Empowerment," "Family Time, Let's Talk," "Domestic Violence," "Domestic Violence - What is Love?," and "Healing our Families."
    -The Family Court initiative, which was piloted in 2003, provides victims of domestic violence with access to mediation and redress. Currently the Judiciary is in the process of reviewing the Family Court project with a view to expanding it throughout Trinidad and Tobago. Victims of domestic violence are able to have their cases heard in the Family Court, in an environment that is more private, and less adversarial than the Magistrate Courts or the High Court.
    -Increased sensitization on the Domestic Violence Act, 1999 which provides Protection Orders for victims, as well as penalties, fines and possible imprisonment for breaches of the Protection Order.
    -Increased media attention to domestic violence has resulted in a clear shift in public opinion from views of the past, which considered domestic violence in the home as a private matter.
    -Increased emphasis has been placed on the implementation of Masculinity Programmes to equip men with strategies to cope with their changing roles and responsibilities, encourage shared family responsibilities, and reduce the incidence of gender-based violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    New Zealand

    New Zealand
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Become party to the CRPD.
    Explanation
    The GOTT undertook to examine with a view to signing, ratifying and implementing as applicable, ... CRPD ...

    The CRPD was signed in 2007 and the GOTT has undertaken many new initiatives to protect the rights of persons with disabilities with an ultimate view to ratifying the Convention.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 11) On 25 June 2015, Trinidad and Tobago ratified the CRPD, committing itself internationally to the advancement of the rights of persons with disabilities. Although Trinidad and Tobago does not yet have legislation specifically addressing the concerns of persons with disabilities, since ratification, the Government began the process of establishing an Inter-Ministerial Committee to oversee the implementation of the Convention. The work of the Committee would also involve the formation of policy and the enactment of legislation.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Costa Rica

    Costa Rica
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Strengthen the law and resources to address human trafficking, specifically for women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Maldives

    Maldives
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Reduce the gender wage gap by guaranteeing and enforcing the principle of equal pay for work of equal value in all sectors.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Take all necessary measures to fight against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Decriminalize abortion by amending the Offences against the Persons Act.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Trinidad & Tobago

    Trinidad & Tobago
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    ACS
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Maldives

    Maldives
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Adolescent pregnancy
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    Maldives inquired on measures being considered to strengthen safeguards for young women in relation to the prevention of teen pregnancies.