UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 37201 - 37225 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CEDAW expressed concern at contradictions and inconsistencies created by the application of statutory, customary and sharia laws in Nigeria's tripartite legal system. It also noted with concern the existence of discriminatory provisions within these sources of law with regard to marriage, divorce, custody of children and inheritance. CEDAW made recommendations in this regard. [Para 12]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    A 2008 UNAIDS report noted that Nigeria has the largest HIV epidemic in West Africa with 2.6 million people living with HIV, which disproportionately affects women. [Para 61]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Repeal legislation that discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity.
    Explanation
    Noted.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Intensify efforts to combat gender-based violence, especially through the full implementation of the Violence against Persons Prohibition Act of 2015 at the federal, state and local levels.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Holy See

    Holy See
    Regional group
    Observer
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Fight against trafficking in human beings and slavery, especially of women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Palestine

    Palestine
    Regional group
    Observer
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    Issue:
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to plan and to implement national strategies for sustainable development goals and adopt a plan to ensure the effective role of women in the implementation of these strategies.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt concrete measures to eliminate gender discrimination and violence against women.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Serbia

    Serbia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take measures by which women and girls with disabilities facing physical and economic barriers in various fields gain, with no restrictions, access to health care, education and employment.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    United Kingdom

    United Kingdom
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    Could you tell us the Nigerian Government's position on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender rights, and what steps you might take to [...] promote further inclusion?
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Costa Rica

    Costa Rica
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Undertake measures, including through human rights education and training, to modify traditional practices that are in conflict with human rights standards which guarantee equality between men and women.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 26) Section 34 (1) (a) of the Constitution protects the dignity of human person by stating that every individual is entitled to respect to the dignity of his or her person and accordingly no person shall be subjected to inhuman or degrading treatment. Nigeria has implemented this recommendation through the enactment of the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act 2015(VAPPA). This Act eliminates violence in private and public life; prohibit all forms of violence including physical, sexual, psychological, domestic violence; harmful traditional practices; discrimination against persons and provide maximum protection and effective remedies for victims and punishment of offenders.
    Para 38) Section 34 (1) (a) of the Constitution protects the dignity of human person by stating that every individual is entitled to respect to the dignity of his or her person and accordingly no person shall be subjected to inhuman or degrading treatment. In addition, the following legislative measures aim at combating harmful cultural practices. Legislative measures: (a) Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Act 2015; (b) … (d) Prohibition of Child trafficking by the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act 2015;
    Para 98) The challenges contained in the second cycle UPR report remain the same, though the current federal and state governments are working very hard to overcome these challenges and several reforms and initiatives are yielding positive results. Some of the main challenges are: … (e) Difficulties in breaking through entrenched mind set on harmful traditional practices affecting the human rights of women and children.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 8) Referring to the relevant recommendations from the previous review, the United Nations country team stated that Nigeria had given effect to some of its treaty obligations by adopting … the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act (2015).
    Para 48) [CEDAW] was also concerned that no specific measures had been taken to eradicate polygamous relationships.
    Para 65) The Special Rapporteurs on health, on sale of children and on slavery noted that the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act prohibited all forms of violence and criminalized marital rape, female genital mutilation, forceful ejection from home and harmful widowhood practices. The Special Rapporteurs recommended that Nigeria ensure that the Act was adopted in those states that had yet to do so.
    Para 67) Referring to the relevant recommendations from the previous review, the United Nations country team stated that the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act prohibited female genital mutilation, which had been banned in 12 of the 36 states. The country team considered the implementation of those recommendations to be ongoing.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Holy See

    Holy See
    Regional group
    Observer
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure the protection of children's human rights by reducing and eliminating domestic and international child trafficking, sexual abuse, abuse stemming from belief in child witchcraft ...
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 40) … b) … Sections 30-33 of the Child Rights Act also prohibit the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography;

    UN Compilation:
    Para 42) CEDAW was concerned that Nigeria remained a source, transit and destination country for trafficking in persons, particularly women and girls, for purposes of sexual and labour exploitation.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 52) JS4 stated that Nigeria had been a source, transit and destination country for trafficking of children for sexual exploitation. Discussions had been ongoing among government ministries on the formulation of a new national action plan.
    Para 53) JS15 stated that … girls were at risk of being trafficked to other parts of the country to work as “house-helps”.
    Para 73) JS16 stated that the education system was severely underfunded resulting in a lack of proper infrastructure, inadequate classrooms and teaching aids. There were … sexual abuse, …
    Para 97) PJ stated that in the camp for internally displaced persons, women and girls had been exposed to sexual abuse, ... and prostitution…
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Italy

    Italy
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Identify and remove administrative, physical and any other barriers that still impede access to birth registration, thus facilitating for everyone the access to health care and education.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    Noting that it had been on the legislative agenda since 2011, the Special Rapporteurs on health, on sale of children and on slavery recommended that Nigeria adopt the Gender and Equal Opportunities Bill and ensure its effective implementation at all levels of government. [Para 15]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Austria

    Austria
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    Rejected
    Contents:
    Amend and review all legislation and policies, including the Same-Sex Marriage Bill, with a view to decriminalize LGBTI persons.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Polygamy
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CEDAW … recommended that Nigeria eradicate polygamy through awareness-raising campaigns and education. [Para 48]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual abuse
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CRC expressed concern at the high number of children having experienced sexual abuse, including in schools, and that young girls, children in street situations and orphans were forced into prostitution. It recommended that Nigeria address this phenomenon. [Para 30]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CHRI recommended that Nigeria ratify the OPs-ICCPR [Para 11]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    17th session, November 2013
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Some of the challenges and constraints in promoting and protecting human rights are: b) Legal system: The legal system of Nigeria is pluralistic and composed of customary law, Received English law, legislation and sharia law. Majority of Nigerians conduct their personal activities in accordance with and subject to customary law. Customary law has great impact in the area of personal law in regard to matters such as marriage, inheritance and traditional authority. Some of the customary norms are in conflict with human rights norms guaranteeing equality between men and women. [Para 121]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Outcome Report

    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Forced marriage
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Comment
    Session:
    31st Session, November 2018
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Christian Solidarity Worldwide ... noted that, in Shari’a states, the education of underage non-Muslim girls was often cut short by abduction, forcible conversion and forced marriage and called on Nigeria to address this problem. [Para 472]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Government's strategy for protecting the rights of persons living with HIV/AIDS revolves around the following programmes: National Strategic Framework on HIV/AIDS in Nigeria (2005-2009); Setting up of the National Agency for the Control of Aids (NACA) and its equivalent in the States and Local Government Areas; Public awareness campaign in the media on the rights of people living with HIV/AIDS; Creation of state associations of HIV-positive persons known as Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria (NEPWHA); Establishment of National Women Coalition on HIV/AIDS, NAWOCA; Expansion of HIV/AIDS clinics and provision of free drugs throughout the country; and the special effort by government to enlist the assistance of religious and traditional leaders in all matters relating to the treatment and welfare of persons living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Austria

    Austria
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Not only enact legislation to prohibit FGM but also continue awareness-raising campaigns to eradicate such practices.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 64) The Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development is engaged in continuous advocacy to legislators, policy makers and other stakeholders on the imperative to pass the CEDAW bill currently pending before the National Assembly. Government has taken necessary steps also to engage traditional and religious leaders on the importance of eradicating negative cultural practices from their communities. Some States of the federation have passed laws eradicating some of these practices, including Female Genital Mutilation and harmful widowhood rights.

    Para 65) Various actions are being taken, including strengthening of laws and policies as well as their implementation, strengthening of human resources and police institutional reforms to eradicate negative cultural practices at the Federal and state levels.

    Para 67) The National Orientation Agency organizes sensitization programmes for the public on the harmful effects of traditional practices against women, especially widows. Government will continue to intensify efforts to raise awareness as well as disseminate information on the value of human rights among traditional and religious leaders in order to curb negative traditional practices.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 53) JS 2 stated that while there was no legislation at the federal level prohibiting female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM), a number of states have adopted legislation in this regard. However, enforcement of this legislation has been a challenge.
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Besides its jurisdiction over such cases as ... rape, it (The Legal Aid Council of Nigeria) undertakes civil claims in respect of accident cases and claims for damages for breach of human rights. [Para 44]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CRC was also concerned that much of the existing legislation at federal, state and local levels, in particular the religious and customary laws, did not fully comply with the principles and provisions of the Convention. [Para 3]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    CEDAW called upon Nigeria inter alia to improve the availability and affordability of sexual and reproductive health services ... [Para 48]
  • State Under Review:

    Nigeria

    Nigeria
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Abortion
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    4th session, February 2009
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CRR reported that Nigeria's abortion law remains very restrictive, despite unsafe abortions remaining frequent occurrences and resulting in the death of over 34,000 Nigerian women annually. [Para 52]

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