Displaying 51851 - 51875 of 58126 recommendations found
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
Type:Review DocumentationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:NeglectedContents:The CEDAW recommended that Timor-Leste improve access to all existing health-care facilities and services, including sexual and reproductive services, and expand the coverage of specialized health services for women and girls with disabilities. [Para 74] -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:Holy SeeHoly SeeRegional groupObserverIssue:
- Gender equality
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Persist in its efforts to eradicate corruption, corporal punishment of children, discrimination against women and domestic violenceImplementationNational Report:
Para 12) To guarantee effective and adequate protection for the implementation of the law against domestic violence, the State, through the Ministry of Social Solidarity has managed to implement programs such as the establishment of a protection network for victims of domestic violence and gender based violence in 13 municipalities, has increased the capacity of the national network of support centers to provide direct assistance to shelters through training on operational procedures, has reintegrated victims in the community after they have left shelters, has provided psycho-social support to victims and public awareness raising and the implementation of operational procedures for the referral networks, management of cases on a database which is based on monitoring activities
Para 20) Timor-Leste also has the following action plans: national action plan on gender based violence and a national action plan for zero hunger and also other draft action plans such as an action plan on women, peace and security and a draft action plan on persons with disabilities.
Para 29) Judicial actors are an important pillar, and before they perform their duties they are given training by the Ministry of Justice through the Judicial Training Centre which provides training to judicial magistrates and public defenders as part of a plan to provide academic competence for the fifth round of Training for judicial magistrates and public defenders, between 2013 and 2015, to increase their knowledge about torture and mistreatment, especially in relation to vulnerable group such as children, women, the poor and persons with disabilities, with materials focusing on the C-RDTL and fundamental rights, the rights of families and minorities, children's rights and gender, with facilitation by UN agencies such as UNICEF and UN Women
Para 39) Timor-Leste has a patriarchal system which is a factor in preventing women from obtaining opportunities, causing them to face discrimination and be victims of domestic violence in their homes. Young women also continue to encounter a range of social problems which affect their social, economic, cultural and political life because women are considered to be of secondary importance in the household and society. To improve this situation, and to enable women to have the chance to obtain equality in all sectors and not face discrimination, many efforts have been initiated including those by the Government of Timor-Leste through the Secretary of State for the Promotion of Equality (SEPI) and the Dili Declaration (DD) entitled “Invest in women and children - invest in Equality” which was signed by the National Parliament, the Government, the Church and civil society and witnessed by the President, Prime Minister and President of the National Parliament.
Para 40) As a means of strengthening and disseminating the DD at all levels, the SEPI established a new mechanism to improve the coordination of a Gender Mainstreaming Policy at the national and municipal levels. Also, changes were made to the gender focal points in relation to the gender working group. There is a gender action plan for the 12 municipalities including the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse to implement a commitment known as the municipal commitment to gender equality. The SEPI has changed its name to the Secretary of State for the Support and Socio-Economical Promotion of Women (SEM) based on the organic law of the Sixth Constitutional Government
Para 41) The DD provides comprehensive guidelines to the State of Timor-Leste to achieve the goal of dynamic gender equality to ensure gender mainstreaming in national development plans, to develop gender sensitive budgets, to eradicate violence against women and children with an implementation plan with funds to treat domestic violence issues; to develop a mechanism to promote access to property and land rights, equal access to a higher level of education for women and children, including scholarships in the field of natural resource management; the promotion of health policies that are gender sensitive to prevent HIV/AIDS and to promote family planning and to promote integrated community health services; to invest in women through a policy of decentralization9, and actions to contribute to achieving the aims of CEDAW
Para 42) Amongst all of the efforts that Timor-Leste has pursued for gender equality, Timor-Leste was given the privilege from the UN to lead “the new deal and lead the G7+”, which is the first step and Timor-Leste needs greater efforts to be able to compete with other nations in the world. Now, the SEM and the Secretary of State for Security (SES) are leading a consultation on the NAP Resolution 1325. Two Timorese women received a peace network award at the regional level, the first was in 2011 and the second was in 2013. It is hoped that they can be good role models and provide inspiration to other women for peace in society and the nation to acknowledge their dedication and efforts to build peace. The SEPI revised the strategic plan for 2010-2015 to 2012-2017
Para 43) Timor-Leste guarantees effective and adequate protection through the implementation of the law against domestic violence, and the State, through the MSS, has managed to implement programs such as a protection network for victims of domestic violence and gender based violence in 12 municipalities as well as the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse, and has increased the capacity of the national network of support centers to provide direct assistance to shelters through training based on operational standards, has reintegrated victims in communities after they have left shelters, has supported the psycho-social needs of victim and raised public awareness and implemented operational standards to the referral networks, and has provided case management case through a database based on monitoring activities
Para 44) The State of Timor-Leste is undertaking many efforts in order to combat domestic violence through the Law Against Domestic Violence and a National Action Plan for GBV and the Government will continue to strive to ensure the effectiveness of implementing this law at the national level and international level through multi-sectoral coordination. There has also been public awareness raising through the SEM and a partnership with civil society at the national level as well as in rural areas through a range of measures, such as: Training/Seminars, interaction through Radio Television TL, Community Radio, publishing public opinions in the newspapers, brochures, magazines, pamphlets and billboards
Para 45) After the LADV was approved, many cases of DV have been dealt with in accordance with the applicable law in Timor-Leste and sanctions have been imposed for crimes committed, and therefore there has been a significant change since the law was approved, namely a reduction in the number of DV cases which shows that the citizens in our country, namely women, children and men are starting to know their fundamental rights and that domestic violence is a crime and not a private matter. We have confidence that the judicial actors will continue to pay attention to the seriousness of these cases because all families in Timor-Leste need to foster non-violence or zero tolerance and therefore all families need positive action to participle in national development even though many women are economically dependent on men, so we need to create the conditions and guarantee opportunities to empower them in the domestic and public spheres.
Para 71) In 2015 the Ministry of Education also started to introduce lesson plans for grade 1 to 4 with Social Science lessons also integrated with materials such as gender, disability, respect for diversity and protection for children against violence and abuse.
UN Compilation:
Para 9) CEDAW was also concerned about the decision not to adopt a specific gender equality law
Para 13) The CEDAW welcomed the adoption of the Law against Domestic Violence (No. 7/2010), which criminalized domestic violence, including sexual violence, “even within a marriage”. The Committee was, however, concerned about the absence of legal provisions specifically criminalizing marital rape and qualifying rape as a serious crime
Para 14) The country team noted that a government evaluation of the 2012-2014 National Action Plan on Gender-Based Violence had revealed that the budget allocation was limited and that there was insufficient interministerial coordination on implementing and monitoring the Law against Domestic Violence.
Para 30) The CEDAW noted that the Governments of Indonesia and Timor-Leste were working together to establish a survivor healing programme, particularly for survivors of rape, sexual slavery and other forms of sexual violence committed during the Indonesian occupation in 1999. The Committee was, however, concerned that survivors of that sexual violence continued to experience social stigma and ostracism, and had limited access to medical, psychological, reproductive and mental health services and treatment
Para 34) The CEDAW welcomed the adoption of the Civil Code (Law No. 10/2011) of 14 September 2011 providing for equal rights of women and men in marriage.
Para 44) The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women welcomed the
adoption of Law No. 7/2011 establishing electoral lists of standing and alternate candidates,
which must include at least one woman in each group of three candidates. It was,
however, concerned that women in Timor-Leste continued to face persistent barriers to gain
access to decision-making positions, and that women’s representation in government decision-making positions remained low at 20 per cent and the proportion of female village chiefs was extremely low at 2 per cent.
Para 47) The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women welcomed the adoption of the Labour Code (Law No. 4/2012) guaranteeing equality of opportunity and treatment in employment and prohibiting verbal, non-verbal and physical sexual harassment
Para 70) The Committee welcomed the zero-tolerance policy initiated by the Ministry of Education in 2011 against malpractice in the education sector, covering sexual violence, corporal punishment and other forms of violence in schools, but it regretted that the policy had not been effectively implemented. It was concerned that the sanctions for sexual harassment and abuse in schools were lenient and that teachers who were perpetrators of sexual violence were merely transferred to other schools
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 2) The PDHJ highlighted that despite that the Constitution adopts the general and customary principles of international law and treaties ratified by Timor-Leste, and that all national legislation must not be in contradiction with international law, Timor-Leste failed to adopt in full the general recommendations of the treaty bodies, in particular those of the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
Para 24) Joint Submission 1 (JS1) stated that a comprehensive definition of discrimination against women remained absent from the domestic legal framework and the Civil Code contained some discriminatory provisions, for instance, no recognition of religious marriages other than Catholic and de facto relationships. In this connection, JS1 noted that the vast majority of women in Timor-Leste were in de facto unions or had not yet registered their traditional marriage in the absence of a civil registration code, which has consequences for women’s rights to marital property and spousal alimony.
Para 29) Cultural Survival (CS) noted that despite the Law against Domestic Violence and the National Action Plan on Domestic Violence, the Government had failed to implement necessary service and protection for indigenous women and girls. AI expressed similar concern that the Law against Domestic Violence did not adequately meet the standards of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:Review DocumentationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:Reference AddressedContents:The Committee against Torture and the United Nations country team recommended that Timor-Leste consider ratifying the … CRPD. [Para 2]
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:NorwayNorwayRegional groupWEOGIssue:
- Gender equality
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Fight domestic violence and discrimination against women by improving gender awareness in strategic sectors.Implementation"National Report:
Para 44) The State of Timor-Leste is undertaking many efforts in order to combat domestic violence through the Law Against Domestic Violence and a National Action Plan for GBV and the Government will continue to strive to ensure the effectiveness of implementing this law at the national level and international level through multi-sectoral coordination. There has also been public awareness raising through the SEM and a partnership with civil society at the national level as well as in rural areas through a range of measures, such as: Training/Seminars, interaction through Radio Television TL, Community Radio, publishing public opinions in the newspapers, brochures, magazines, pamphlets and billboards
Para 45) After the LADV was approved, many cases of DV have been dealt with in accordance with the applicable law in Timor-Leste and sanctions have been imposed for crimes committed, and therefore there has been a significant change since the law was approved, namely a reduction in the number of DV cases which shows that the citizens in our country, namely women, children and men are starting to know their fundamental rights and that domestic violence is a crime and not a private matter. We have confidence that the judicial actors will continue to pay attention to the seriousness of these cases because all families in Timor-Leste need to foster non-violence or zero tolerance and therefore all families need positive action to participle in national development even though many women are economically dependent on men, so we need to create the conditions and guarantee opportunities to empower them in the domestic and public spheres." -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:AustriaAustriaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the CRPD
Implementation"National Report:
Para 8) The State of Timor-Leste is carrying out efforts to comply with its commitment to international human rights instruments as stated in its national reports and is currently preparing resources (human and financial) and is endeavoring to increase their institutional capacity to ensure that these international instruments are implemented in the future when the CRPD and its Optional Protocol is signed and ratified, as recommended by the United Nations Human Rights Council
Para 9) Based on the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (C-RDTL) Article 95.3 (f) on ratification, it is the competence of the National Parliament, to approve and denounce agreements and ratify international treaties and conventions. A concrete example relates to the ratification of the Convention on Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol as recommended by the Committee and UN Human Rights Council, whereby the National Parliament is waiting for a proposal from the Government, because the Government has a policy of creating favorable conditions and examining and considering all of the circumstances relating to human rights, including the financial impact and the contents of the conventions that are to be ratified, to see if they are going to be ratified partially or fully, depending on the policy and capacity of the Government to sign and ratify these conventions and to assume all of the consequences and responsibilities and to comply with its implementation obligations
UN Compilation:
Para 1) The United Nations country team in Timor-Leste noted that, during the first universal periodic review, Timor-Leste had indicated that it planned to ratify CRPD, but that it had not yet done so." -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:IraqIraqRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICALIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the CRPD.ExplanationTimor-Leste supports these recommendations and reaffirms its commitment to finalize the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and to ratify the Convention on Indigenous Persons, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169 of the International Labour Organization, the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, and the Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Cruel Treatment.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:SenegalSenegalRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOICOIFIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Consider ratifying the CRPD.ExplanationTimor-Leste supports these recommendations and reaffirms its commitment to finalize the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and to ratify the Convention on Indigenous Persons, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169 of the International Labour Organization, the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, and the Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Cruel Treatment.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:PortugalPortugalRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the CRPD and the OP-ICESCR.ExplanationTimor-Leste supports these recommendations and reaffirms its commitment to finalize the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and to ratify the Convention on Indigenous Persons, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169 of the International Labour Organization, the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, and the Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Cruel Treatment.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:ArmeniaArmeniaRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISOIFIssue:
- Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
- Right to health
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Redouble efforts in ensuring the full enjoyment of the right to health, in particular by strengthening healthcare services to reduce maternal mortality; by broadening access to immunization, especially for the population living in remote rural areas; and by improving child nutrition.ExplanationTimor-Leste is committed to improving services to access health care facilities and to guaranteeing equal access to good quality health services for all citizens in the national territory.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- HIV and AIDS
Type:Review DocumentationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:N/AContents:Around 220 cases of HIV/AIDS have been identified in Timor-Leste, thus indicating that this is still a small-scale health problem. However, the existence of several vulnerability factors in relation to HIV/AIDS creates a real risk of increase in the incidence of this disease. As such, the Government of Timor-Leste has produced an action plan focusing on prevention and education, counselling, voluntary consultations and medical treatment within a multi-sectoral approach. [Para 67] -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:OmanOmanRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupOICALIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Provide more protection for victims of domestic violence.ExplanationTimor-Leste has promoted the rights and welfare of women through policies and a national action plan on gender equality, has increased women’s participation in the political decision-making process, has strengthened the framework of legal measures on gender-based violence, has combatted violence against women, and girls and has strengthened measures to combat domestic violence against women and girls. … Timor-Leste supports these recommendations to engage in efforts to further improve the percentage of women within formal work arrangements, to strengthen their capacity to actively participate in supply chains and markets, to further reduce sexual violence and gender-based violence, to further combat gender-based violence and promote gender equality and pay more attention to violence against women and children including violence based on their sexual orientation and gender identity.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:Reference AddressedContents:"CEDAW expressed concern about the de facto discrimination faced by women in employment, as reflected in the hiring process, the extremely wide wage gap and occupational segregation. It was also concerned at the high unemployment rate, the lack of secure employment for women and their concentration in the informal sector in a narrow range of activities. [Para 49]" -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:IndiaIndiaRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupCommonwealthIssue:
- Early marriage
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Continue with progressive policy and legislative measures for promotion and protection of the rights of children such as for the criminalization of child marriage and the development of a comprehensive juvenile justice system.ExplanationTimor-Leste has implemented a policy to strengthen protection for children and has brought child registration services closer to communities in the national territory. In addition, it has continued to combat child marriage and strengthened measures to prohibit the corporal punishment of children. … Timor-Leste supports these recommendations to continue implementing a national action plan for children, to combat all violence against children, to reduce the exploitation and discrimination of children, to prevent and eradicate early marriage, to improve malnutrition and food security for children and guarantee that children have access to nutritious foods, to strengthen measures regarding corporal punishment.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:SpainSpainRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen the fight against gender violence by providing it with sufficient resources to prosecute its perpetrators, as well as guarantee the rights of victims, making positive law prevail over customary law. A new Plan, provided with due budget support and followed by the corresponding reforms, is the right way forward.
ExplanationTimor-Leste has promoted the rights and welfare of women through policies and a national action plan on gender equality, has increased women’s participation in the political decision-making process, has strengthened the framework of legal measures on gender-based violence, has combatted violence against women, and girls and has strengthened measures to combat domestic violence against women and girls. … Timor-Leste supports these recommendations to engage in efforts to further improve the percentage of women within formal work arrangements, to strengthen their capacity to actively participate in supply chains and markets, to further reduce sexual violence and gender-based violence, to further combat gender-based violence and promote gender equality and pay more attention to violence against women and children including violence based on their sexual orientation and gender identity.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:Costa RicaCosta RicaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the CRPDExplanationTimor-Leste attaches great importance to the rights of the persons with disabilities and reaffirms its commitment to finalize soon the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Persons with Disabilities and to continue to implement the obligations under the Convention, especially through the National Policy for the Inclusion and Promotion of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the National Mental Health Strategy.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 22) Timor-Leste acknowledges that it has not yet ratified the CRPD, however now it is making preparations for the ratification process. The Ministry of Social Solidarity and Inclusion (MSSI), Ministry of Justice (MoJ) and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (MFAC) has established a team to make preparations for ratification.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:TurkeyTurkeyRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupOICIssue:
- Birth registration
Type:RecommendationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to adopt measures to increase the rate of issuance of birth certificates, especially in rural areas, while introducing specific measures to register migrant children at birthExplanationTimor-Leste recognizes the importance of the birth registration and will continue working to ensure the birth registration of all children born in Timor-Leste. The Government is now drafting a new Civil Registry Law and the decentralization of the civil registry services is already being implemented.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 44) All children born in the territory of Timor-Leste have the right to be registered and it is obligatory to register them free of charge. The MoJ has collaborated with the MoH to create a booklet for pregnant mothers to be filled out from the time the mother becomes pregnant and during her health consultations until the baby is born. The MoJ has also established registration centres in the national hospital and in the municipalities so that babies born in hospital can be immediately registered.
Para 45) In addition to registering children in hospital, those children who have not been registered in hospital or have been born at home can be taken by their parents to be registered at the MoJ through the Directorate General for registry and Notary Services at the national level as well as in the municipalities. The MoJ also conducts a mobile registration program that attends to communities across the entire territory of Timor-Leste, especially remote areas, and this mobile registration program is aimed at registering children aged 0-5. This mobile registration program has been operating since 2017 until now. Para 46) The children of migrants who are born in the territory of Timor-Leste have the same rights as East Timorese to access registration when the child is born, and the registration process for the children of migrants is the same as for East Timorese who are born, and there is no discrimination.
UN Compilation:
Para 15) [The United Nations country team] noted that despite an effort to increase the rate of issuance of birth certificates through advocacy campaigns and capacity-building of service providers, there had been no dramatic increase in the data.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 27) Joint Submission 3 (JS3) stated that there had been an increase in the rate of birth registration of children under 5 years old, but it was still considered low at 60 percent with only 30 percent of those registered in actual possession of birth certificates. There were much fewer children from rural areas that were registered and holding birth certificates than those from the urban areas. These were largely due to gaps caused by lack of national strategy on Civil Registration and Vital Statistics, lack of capacity at municipal level for timely birth registration and of necessary equipment to cover all municipalities, and lack of community and parental awareness on the importance of birth registration. Birth registration was free of charge except for late registration after the age of 5. Transportation costs and distance from municipality offices also contributed to the low turn-out.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:VenezuelaVenezuelaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Continue with the development of programmes for the reintegration of victims of gender violence, the provision of psychosocial support, and public awarenessImplementationNational Report:
Para 80) The Government works with non-government organizations and has established safe and protected places for victims and survivors, offering temporary accommodation, including attending to victims and survivors of sexual abuse, domestic violence, the sexual abuse of children, or trafficking. Now there are safe rooms at the national hospital, referral hospitals and health centres in four municipalities and safe room services are provided by PRADET.
Para 81) Also shelters have been established, as part of a collaboration between the Government and civil society organisations. In 2018, there were safe shelters in all of the 13 municipalities that also guarantee the safety of victims of gender-based violence and shelters also provide training on livelihood skills with the aim of reintegrating victims into the community who have the capacity to make a living.
UN Compilation:
Para 49) The United Nations country team also noted that gender-based violence was recognized as one of the most pervasive and widespread human rights concerns in TimorLeste, with three in five (59 per cent) ever-partnered women (aged 15–49 years) having experienced physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence in their lifetime. Of these, 86 per cent had not sought assistance from formal agencies, services or other authorities.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 39) … Many victims of past gender-based violence and their children remained without adequate support services from the state.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:Review DocumentationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:N/AContents:Timor-Leste also submitted its fourth CEDAW report in 2020. [Para 27] -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:MexicoMexicoRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Sexual abuse
Type:RecommendationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen the framework of protection of the rights of children, in particular by adopting legislative and programmatic measures to prevent and punish sexual abuse, exploitation and violence against them, as well as measures to facilitate access to legal assistance, and medical and psychological support to victims of these crimesImplementationNational Report:
Para 39) Timor-Leste’s penal code criminalises rape, including rape committed by a family member, and Article 173 states that rape arising from a family relationship will result in a heavy penalty.
Para 41) Children have the right to receive special protection from the family, the community and the State, especially against all forms of neglect, discrimination, violence, sexual abuse and exploitation. Children enjoy all rights that are universally recognized, as well as those provided in the Timor-Leste Constitution and the law.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 66) JS4 highlighted that Timor-Leste remained without a general legal framework on children’s rights, or even a basic law on child protection. This contributed to a lack of understanding of children as rights-holders, as well as to endemic problems affecting Timorese children, including corporal punishment, sexual abuse, discriminatory practices against girls,
Para 68) JAI stated that the exploitation and discrimination of children remained a serious problem. Especially in rural areas, child labour was a common practice, often including dangerous agricultural activities considered among the worst forms of child labour. Forced labour, human trafficking, and sexual trafficking and exploitation of children also remained serious problems.
Para 69) JAI highlighted that violence against children, including domestic violence and sexual violence against girls and young women, remained common. The justice system of TimorLeste currently provided very few methods for children to seek redress under the law.
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State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Abortion
Type:Review DocumentationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:Reference AddressedContents:The CEDAW was concerned that the amendment to article 141 of the Penal Code had further restricted women’s access to safe and legal abortions. [Para 4] -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:26th session, November 2016Status:NeglectedContents:The CEDAW was also concerned that women’s access to credit, including microcredit, remained insufficient. [Para 57] -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:JapanJapanRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupIssue:
- Gender equality
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to intensify strategies to eliminate violence against women, ensure that women enjoy a legal capacity identical to that of men, and remedy the gender gap faced by women in employment.Implementation"National Report: Para 12) To guarantee effective and adequate protection for the implementation of the law against domestic violence, the State, through the Ministry of Social Solidarity has managed to implement programs such as the establishment of a protection network for victims of domestic violence and gender based violence in 13 municipalities, has increased the capacity of the national network of support centers to provide direct assistance to shelters through training on operational procedures, has reintegrated victims in the community after they have left shelters, has provided psycho-social support to victims and public awareness raising and the implementation of operational procedures for the referral networks, management of cases on a database which is based on monitoring activities
Para 20) Timor-Leste also has the following action plans: national action plan on gender based violence and a national action plan for zero hunger and also other draft action plans such as an action plan on women, peace and security and a draft action plan on persons with disabilities.
Para 29) Judicial actors are an important pillar, and before they perform their duties they are given training by the Ministry of Justice through the Judicial Training Centre which provides training to judicial magistrates and public defenders as part of a plan to provide academic competence for the fifth round of Training for judicial magistrates and public defenders, between 2013 and 2015, to increase their knowledge about torture and mistreatment, especially in relation to vulnerable group such as children, women, the poor and persons with disabilities, with materials focusing on the C-RDTL and fundamental rights, the rights of families and minorities, children's rights and gender, with facilitation by UN agencies such as UNICEF and UN Women
Para 39) Timor-Leste has a patriarchal system which is a factor in preventing women from obtaining opportunities, causing them to face discrimination and be victims of domestic violence in their homes. Young women also continue to encounter a range of social problems which affect their social, economic, cultural and political life because women are considered to be of secondary importance in the household and society. To improve this situation, and to enable women to have the chance to obtain equality in all sectors and not face discrimination, many efforts have been initiated including those by the Government of Timor-Leste through the Secretary of State for the Promotion of Equality (SEPI) and the Dili Declaration (DD) entitled “Invest in women and children - invest in Equality” which was signed by the National Parliament, the Government, the Church and civil society and witnessed by the President, Prime Minister and President of the National Parliament.
Para 40) As a means of strengthening and disseminating the DD at all levels, the SEPI established a new mechanism to improve the coordination of a Gender Mainstreaming Policy at the national and municipal levels. Also, changes were made to the gender focal points in relation to the gender working group. There is a gender action plan for the 12 municipalities including the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse to implement a commitment known as the municipal commitment to gender equality. The SEPI has changed its name to the Secretary of State for the Support and Socio-Economical Promotion of Women (SEM) based on the organic law of the Sixth Constitutional Government
Para 41) The DD provides comprehensive guidelines to the State of Timor-Leste to achieve the goal of dynamic gender equality to ensure gender mainstreaming in national development plans, to develop gender sensitive budgets, to eradicate violence against women and children with an implementation plan with funds to treat domestic violence issues; to develop a mechanism to promote access to property and land rights, equal access to a higher level of education for women and children, including scholarships in the field of natural resource management; the promotion of health policies that are gender sensitive to prevent HIV/AIDS and to promote family planning and to promote integrated community health services; to invest in women through a policy of decentralization9, and actions to contribute to achieving the aims of CEDAW
Para 42) Amongst all of the efforts that Timor-Leste has pursued for gender equality, Timor-Leste was given the privilege from the UN to lead “the new deal and lead the G7+”, which is the first step and Timor-Leste needs greater efforts to be able to compete with other nations in the world. Now, the SEM and the Secretary of State for Security (SES) are leading a consultation on the NAP Resolution 1325. Two Timorese women received a peace network award at the regional level, the first was in 2011 and the second was in 2013. It is hoped that they can be good role models and provide inspiration to other women for peace in society and the nation to acknowledge their dedication and efforts to build peace. The SEPI revised the strategic plan for 2010-2015 to 2012-2017
Para 43) Timor-Leste guarantees effective and adequate protection through the implementation of the law against domestic violence, and the State, through the MSS, has managed to implement programs such as a protection network for victims of domestic violence and gender based violence in 12 municipalities as well as the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse, and has increased the capacity of the national network of support centers to provide direct assistance to shelters through training based on operational standards, has reintegrated victims in communities after they have left shelters, has supported the psycho-social needs of victim and raised public awareness and implemented operational standards to the referral networks, and has provided case management case through a database based on monitoring activities
Para 44) The State of Timor-Leste is undertaking many efforts in order to combat domestic violence through the Law Against Domestic Violence and a National Action Plan for GBV and the Government will continue to strive to ensure the effectiveness of implementing this law at the national level and international level through multi-sectoral coordination. There has also been public awareness raising through the SEM and a partnership with civil society at the national level as well as in rural areas through a range of measures, such as: Training/Seminars, interaction through Radio Television TL, Community Radio, publishing public opinions in the newspapers, brochures, magazines, pamphlets and billboards
Para 45) After the LADV was approved, many cases of DV have been dealt with in accordance with the applicable law in Timor-Leste and sanctions have been imposed for crimes committed, and therefore there has been a significant change since the law was approved, namely a reduction in the number of DV cases which shows that the citizens in our country, namely women, children and men are starting to know their fundamental rights and that domestic violence is a crime and not a private matter. We have confidence that the judicial actors will continue to pay attention to the seriousness of these cases because all families in Timor-Leste need to foster non-violence or zero tolerance and therefore all families need positive action to participle in national development even though many women are economically dependent on men, so we need to create the conditions and guarantee opportunities to empower them in the domestic and public spheres.
Para 71) In 2015 the Ministry of Education also started to introduce lesson plans for grade 1 to 4 with Social Science lessons also integrated with materials such as gender, disability, respect for diversity and protection for children against violence and abuse.
UN Compilation:
Para 9) CEDAW was also concerned about the decision not to adopt a specific gender equality law
Para 13) The CEDAW welcomed the adoption of the Law against Domestic Violence (No. 7/2010), which criminalized domestic violence, including sexual violence, “even within a marriage”. The Committee was, however, concerned about the absence of legal provisions specifically criminalizing marital rape and qualifying rape as a serious crime
Para 14) The country team noted that a government evaluation of the 2012-2014 National Action Plan on Gender-Based Violence had revealed that the budget allocation was limited and that there was insufficient interministerial coordination on implementing and monitoring the Law against Domestic Violence.
Para 30) The CEDAW noted that the Governments of Indonesia and Timor-Leste were working together to establish a survivor healing programme, particularly for survivors of rape, sexual slavery and other forms of sexual violence committed during the Indonesian occupation in 1999. The Committee was, however, concerned that survivors of that sexual violence continued to experience social stigma and ostracism, and had limited access to medical, psychological, reproductive and mental health services and treatment
Para 34) The CEDAW welcomed the adoption of the Civil Code (Law No. 10/2011) of 14 September 2011 providing for equal rights of women and men in marriage.
Para 44) The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women welcomed the
adoption of Law No. 7/2011 establishing electoral lists of standing and alternate candidates,
which must include at least one woman in each group of three candidates. It was,
however, concerned that women in Timor-Leste continued to face persistent barriers to gain
access to decision-making positions, and that women’s representation in government decision-making positions remained low at 20 per cent and the proportion of female village chiefs was extremely low at 2 per cent.
Para 47) The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women welcomed the adoption of the Labour Code (Law No. 4/2012) guaranteeing equality of opportunity and treatment in employment and prohibiting verbal, non-verbal and physical sexual harassment
Para 70) The Committee welcomed the zero-tolerance policy initiated by the Ministry of Education in 2011 against malpractice in the education sector, covering sexual violence, corporal punishment and other forms of violence in schools, but it regretted that the policy had not been effectively implemented. It was concerned that the sanctions for sexual harassment and abuse in schools were lenient and that teachers who were perpetrators of sexual violence were merely transferred to other schools
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 2) The PDHJ highlighted that despite that the Constitution adopts the general and customary principles of international law and treaties ratified by Timor-Leste, and that all national legislation must not be in contradiction with international law, Timor-Leste failed to adopt in full the general recommendations of the treaty bodies, in particular those of the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
Para 24) Joint Submission 1 (JS1) stated that a comprehensive definition of discrimination against women remained absent from the domestic legal framework and the Civil Code contained some discriminatory provisions, for instance, no recognition of religious marriages other than Catholic and de facto relationships. In this connection, JS1 noted that the vast majority of women in Timor-Leste were in de facto unions or had not yet registered their traditional marriage in the absence of a civil registration code, which has consequences for women’s rights to marital property and spousal alimony.
Para 29) Cultural Survival (CS) noted that despite the Law against Domestic Violence and the National Action Plan on Domestic Violence, the Government had failed to implement necessary service and protection for indigenous women and girls. AI expressed similar concern that the Law against Domestic Violence did not adequately meet the standards of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women" -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Sexual harassment
Type:Review DocumentationSession:40th Session, January 2022Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:JS4 stated that no legal protection existed against workplace sexual harassment. In principle, the civil service had a policy of zero tolerance for workplace sexual harassment, but its implementation had been poor. [Para 51]
-
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:ItalyItalyRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Oversee the effective implementation of the law on domestic violence.Implementation"National Report:
Para 44) The State of Timor-Leste is undertaking many efforts in order to combat domestic violence through the Law Against Domestic Violence and a National Action Plan for GBV and the Government will continue to strive to ensure the effectiveness of implementing this law at the national level and international level through multi-sectoral coordination. There has also been public awareness raising through the SEM and a partnership with civil society at the national level as well as in rural areas through a range of measures, such as: Training/Seminars, interaction through Radio Television TL, Community Radio, publishing public opinions in the newspapers, brochures, magazines, pamphlets and billboards
Para 45) After the LADV was approved, many cases of DV have been dealt with in accordance with the applicable law in Timor-Leste and sanctions have been imposed for crimes committed, and therefore there has been a significant change since the law was approved, namely a reduction in the number of DV cases which shows that the citizens in our country, namely women, children and men are starting to know their fundamental rights and that domestic violence is a crime and not a private matter. We have confidence that the judicial actors will continue to pay attention to the seriousness of these cases because all families in Timor-Leste need to foster non-violence or zero tolerance and therefore all families need positive action to participle in national development even though many women are economically dependent on men, so we need to create the conditions and guarantee opportunities to empower them in the domestic and public spheres.
UN Compilation:
Para 13) The CEDAW welcomed the adoption of the Law against Domestic Violence (No. 7/2010), which criminalized domestic violence, including sexual violence, “even within a marriage”. The Committee was, however, concerned about the absence of legal provisions specifically criminalizing marital rape and qualifying rape as a serious crime
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 29) Cultural Survival (CS) noted that despite the Law against Domestic Violence and the National Action Plan on Domestic Violence, the Government had failed to implement necessary service and protection for indigenous women and girls. AI expressed similar concern that the Law against Domestic Violence did not adequately meet the standards of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women" -
State Under Review:Timor-LesteTimor-LesteRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupSource Of Reference:ArgentinaArgentinaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:12th session, October 2011Status:AcceptedContents:Study the possibility of ratifying the OP-CRPD.Implementation"National Report:
Para 8) The State of Timor-Leste is carrying out efforts to comply with its commitment to international human rights instruments as stated in its national reports and is currently preparing resources (human and financial) and is endeavoring to increase their institutional capacity to ensure that these international instruments are implemented in the future when the CRPD and its Optional Protocol is signed and ratified, as recommended by the United Nations Human Rights Council
Para 9) Based on the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (C-RDTL) Article 95.3 (f) on ratification, it is the competence of the National Parliament, to approve and denounce agreements and ratify international treaties and conventions. A concrete example relates to the ratification of the Convention on Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol as recommended by the Committee and UN Human Rights Council, whereby the National Parliament is waiting for a proposal from the Government, because the Government has a policy of creating favorable conditions and examining and considering all of the circumstances relating to human rights, including the financial impact and the contents of the conventions that are to be ratified, to see if they are going to be ratified partially or fully, depending on the policy and capacity of the Government to sign and ratify these conventions and to assume all of the consequences and responsibilities and to comply with its implementation obligations.