UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 51626 - 51650 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Turkmenistan

    Turkmenistan
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    CIS
    OIC
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take further measures on strengthening the protection of the rights of children, women and persons with disabilities.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    • Human rights defenders
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JPF highlighted the prevalence of cyber-bullying and sexual harassment against women human rights defenders in southern border provinces and recommended investigating, prosecuting and punishing the perpetrators. JS2 also noted gender-specific attacks against women human rights defenders in the form of verbal abuse and online attacks and harassment. It recommended that Thailand ensure a safe and enabling environment for human rights defenders and protect women human rights defenders from gender-specific attacks. [Para 31]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Finland

    Finland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    • Sex work / "prostitution"
    • Sexual and / or reproductive rights and / or health broadly
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Apply a comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights approach to guarantee access of all sex workers, as well as their clients and clients spouses and partners, to adequate health services and sexual education.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Austria

    Austria
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Gender perspective in policies, programmes
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider developing a system of alternative sentencing to effectively reduce the number of women and children held in prison.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 84) The Government has been continuously implementing the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders, or the "Bangkok Rules" to eliminate discrimination against women prisoners by mainstreaming gender sensitivity in the criminal justice system. Thailand Institute of Justice (TIJ) was established in 2011 and has played an important role in promoting the implementation of the Bangkok Rules through its researches and capacity-building programmes. TIJ has partnered with the Department of Corrections to initiate the Pilot Project on model prisons to implement the Bangkok Rules.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Thailand has been successful in addressing certain aspects of the problem, such as forced prostitution and forced labour as well as victim rehabilitation. Nevertheless, as the forms of human trafficking have changed and become more complicated, suppression remains a challenge. There is a need to strengthen law enforcement and build the capacity of law enforcement officials, both in terms of resources and knowledge of the laws, so that they can effectively enforce these laws. Corrupt officials have to be severely penalized according to the law. Pending human trafficking cases should be swiftly addressed in order for the victims to receive compensation and to bring perpetrators to justice. The work of the multidisciplinary teams, especially at the provincial level, needs to be strengthened by establishing a mechanism to closely coordinate and monitor their work. [Para 111]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Uganda

    Uganda
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ratify the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Kyrgyzstan

    Kyrgyzstan
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    OIC
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take concrete measures to eliminate child labour and child sex tourism.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 53) Thailand has accelerated implementation of the Strategy to Promote and Protect Children and Youth in the Use of Online Media 2017-2021 by an Act on amendment of the Penal Code (No. 24) B.E. 2558 (2015) regarding sexual offences and adding to the definition of pornography.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 30) While taking note of the significant efforts undertaken to address trafficking in persons and forced labour, the HR Committee remained concerned that trafficking in persons and forced labour remained and that they gave rise to significant problems, particularly regarding sexual exploitation, …
    Para 63) [CRPD] expressed concern about the situation of persons with disabilities living in poverty, who were often at risk of exploitation and abuse, including begging and trafficking in persons for purposes of labour and sexual exploitation, as well as about violence against and abuse of persons with disabilities, particularly girls and women with disabilities. It regretted the absence of a disability perspective in policies for protection from violence, abuse and exploitation.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 33) ECLJ stated that whilst the majority of trafficking victims were Thai nationals, there were victims from neighbouring countries, who were forced, coerced or deceived into labour or sexual exploitation. HKCIJ noted the impact on women victims, including starvation, unsanitary conditions and trauma from sexual exploitation. ECLJ highlighted that children were also targeted for use in prostitution and online pornography. HKCIJ noted that girls from tribal groups and ethnic minorities, stateless and refugees were most likely to be trafficked.
    Para 53) HKCIJ and JS33 highlighted the vulnerability of children to online sexual abuse and violence such as cyberbullying, online grooming, theft of information, and trafficking mostly for sexual exploitation
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Colombia

    Colombia
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Reinforce the harm reduction measures targeting drug users in order to avoid adverse health effects, including increased HIV infections and hepatitis.
    Implementation
    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 46) JS27 stated that people living with HIV and persons who injected drugs (PWID) continued to face severe human rights violations, including limited access to healthcare and social welfare, continued stigmatisation and discrimination socially and in employment, and barriers to accessing education.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    At the United Nations, Thailand has advocated for the enhancement of gender-specific criminal justice policy and strategies in order to curb gender-related killing of women and girls in different circumstances. The resolution "Taking action against gender-related killings of women and girls", proposed by Thailand and Croatia, was adopted by consensus at the CCPCJ (in May 2015), and subsequently the ECOSOC (in July 2015), and the UNGA70 Third Committee (in November 2015). [Para 83]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Several treaty bodies encouraged Thailand to ratify ... OP-CRPD ... [Para 1]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CRC welcomed the decrease in the number of people who died of HIV/AIDS due to the use of antiretroviral drugs, although the coverage did not extend sufficiently to non-Thai populations such as migrants, refugees and asylum seekers. [Para 59]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    25th session, May 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    JS6 and JS11 expressed concern about discriminatory practices, including unequal standards of healthcare given to LGBTI persons, the disclosure of sensitive and private health information, the refusal of treatment, and placing transgender persons in hospital wards opposite their preferred gender identity. [Para 58]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Cyprus

    Cyprus
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ensure Thai women have the right to pass on their citizenship to their spouses and children.
    Explanation
    Noted. Not consistent with our plans and priorities at this stage.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Fiji

    Fiji
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    PIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take the necessary steps to combat discrimination and violence against women and children, and on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Bulgaria

    Bulgaria
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take further measures to improve women’s access to employment and safe working conditions.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Costa Rica

    Costa Rica
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Address the high cases of sexual and gender-based violence against girls and women through a solid, preventive regulatory framework focused on comprehensive reparation for victims.
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Right to marry
    • Marginalized groups of women
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CRPD expressed concern that family law (Commercial and Civil Code, book V) prevented some persons with disabilities from marrying and founding a family, and that parents of children with disabilities encountered obstacles to gaining access to specific support for exercising their parental responsibilities and preventing abandonment. It recommended that Thailand repeal section 1449 and related provisions of the family law that discriminated against certain persons with disabilities with respect to their right to marry and found a family, and that it increase the availability of early and comprehensive information, services and support to children with disabilities and their families. [Para 31]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    • Violence on the basis of sexual orientation
    • Violence on the basis of gender identity
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    39th Session, November 2021
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    Despite some progress following the enactment of the Gender Equality Act in 2016, JS10 and JS11 expressed concern about employment discrimination, invisibility and silencing, unreported violence and abuse, family and societal pressure to conform to gender norms and roles of LGBTIQ+ people as they were insufficiently protected by Thailand’s legal frameworks and the severe challenges in accessing their rights. [Para 7]
  • State Under Review:

    Thailand

    Thailand
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Source Of Reference:

    Uruguay

    Uruguay
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Adopt all necessary measures to eradicate and eliminate practices and customs which discriminate against women, including stereotypes which undermine their social and legal condition and hinder, at the same time, the implementation of commitments to the CEDAW.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 78) The Women's Development Plan (2012%u20132016) has been developed, in line with the principles of relevant international human rights standards such as the CEDAW and the Beijing Declaration, to provide policy direction for the promotion and protection of women's rights as well as the empowerment of women in the society. To achieve these goals, the Plan identifies five strategies, namely (1) promote the positive attitudes towards gender equality, (2) develop women's capacity and opportunity, (3) promote women's health and reproductive health and rights, (4) promote women's participation in the politics, administration and decision-making process, and (5) enhance the capacity of mechanisms and women's organisations at all levels.
    Para 79) The Government launched the Women's Development Fund in 2012 to enhance women's economic opportunities through a revolving fund for women's groups. The Fund also serves as a tool to promote women's leadership and management skills through women's empowerment projects.
    Para 80) To further increase gender equality, since 2012, the Cabinet has approved paid leave of up to 15 days for male government officials whose wives have given birth. MOL has also worked to seek cooperation from the private sector to grant the same benefits of paternity leave to their male workers.
  • State Under Review:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Portugal

    Portugal
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Increase and consolidate the level of public awareness of the law and of mechanisms that are available to enforce human rights, particularly among women and young girls.
    Implementation
    "National Report: Para 29) Judicial actors are an important pillar, and before they perform their duties they are given training by the Ministry of Justice through the Judicial Training Centre which provides training to judicial magistrates and public defenders as part of a plan to provide academic competence for the fifth round of Training for judicial magistrates and public defenders, between 2013 and 2015, to increase their knowledge about torture and mistreatment, especially in relation to vulnerable group such as children, women, the poor and persons with disabilities, with materials focusing on the C-RDTL and fundamental rights, the rights of families and minorities, children's rights and gender, with facilitation by UN agencies such as UNICEF and UN Women

    Para 44) The State of Timor-Leste is undertaking many efforts in order to combat domestic violence through the Law Against Domestic Violence and a National Action Plan for GBV and the Government will continue to strive to ensure the effectiveness of implementing this law at the national level and international level through multi-sectoral coordination. There has also been public awareness raising through the SEM and a partnership with civil society at the national level as well as in rural areas through a range of measures, such as: Training/Seminars, interaction through Radio Television TL, Community Radio, publishing public opinions in the newspapers, brochures, magazines, pamphlets and billboards

    Para 45) After the LADV was approved, many cases of DV have been dealt with in accordance with the applicable law in Timor-Leste and sanctions have been imposed for crimes committed, and therefore there has been a significant change since the law was approved, namely a reduction in the number of DV cases which shows that the citizens in our country, namely women, children and men are starting to know their fundamental rights and that domestic violence is a crime and not a private matter. We have confidence that the judicial actors will continue to pay attention to the seriousness of these cases because all families in Timor-Leste need to foster non-violence or zero tolerance and therefore all families need positive action to participle in national development even though many women are economically dependent on men, so we need to create the conditions and guarantee opportunities to empower them in the domestic and public spheres.

    Para 71) In 2015 the Ministry of Education also started to introduce lesson plans for grade 1 to 4 with Social Science lessons also integrated with materials such as gender, disability, respect for diversity and protection for children against violence and abuse."
  • State Under Review:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure the effective implementation of legislation to combat domestic violence.
    Implementation
    "National Report:
    Para 44) The State of Timor-Leste is undertaking many efforts in order to combat domestic violence through the Law Against Domestic Violence and a National Action Plan for GBV and the Government will continue to strive to ensure the effectiveness of implementing this law at the national level and international level through multi-sectoral coordination. There has also been public awareness raising through the SEM and a partnership with civil society at the national level as well as in rural areas through a range of measures, such as: Training/Seminars, interaction through Radio Television TL, Community Radio, publishing public opinions in the newspapers, brochures, magazines, pamphlets and billboards

    Para 45) After the LADV was approved, many cases of DV have been dealt with in accordance with the applicable law in Timor-Leste and sanctions have been imposed for crimes committed, and therefore there has been a significant change since the law was approved, namely a reduction in the number of DV cases which shows that the citizens in our country, namely women, children and men are starting to know their fundamental rights and that domestic violence is a crime and not a private matter. We have confidence that the judicial actors will continue to pay attention to the seriousness of these cases because all families in Timor-Leste need to foster non-violence or zero tolerance and therefore all families need positive action to participle in national development even though many women are economically dependent on men, so we need to create the conditions and guarantee opportunities to empower them in the domestic and public spheres.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 13) The CEDAW welcomed the adoption of the Law against Domestic Violence (No. 7/2010), which criminalized domestic violence, including sexual violence, “even within a marriage”. The Committee was, however, concerned about the absence of legal provisions specifically criminalizing marital rape and qualifying rape as a serious crime

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 29) Cultural Survival (CS) noted that despite the Law against Domestic Violence and the National Action Plan on Domestic Violence, the Government had failed to implement necessary service and protection for indigenous women and girls. AI expressed similar concern that the Law against Domestic Violence did not adequately meet the standards of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women"
  • State Under Review:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Canada

    Canada
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    OIF
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Training for state personnel on sexual rights issues
    • Sexual violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    12th session, October 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Take steps to support the implementation of its Law Against Domestic Violence including providing law enforcement officials with training on sexual violence.
  • State Under Review:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Timor-Leste also submitted its fourth CEDAW report in 2020. [Para 27]
  • State Under Review:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Sexual harassment
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    JS4 stated that no legal protection existed against workplace sexual harassment. In principle, the civil service had a policy of zero tolerance for workplace sexual harassment, but its implementation had been poor. [Para 51]
  • State Under Review:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    40th Session, January 2022
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Redouble efforts to combat gender-based violence and promote gender equality, including through public awareness programmes.
    Explanation
    Timor-Leste has promoted the rights and welfare of women through policies and a national action plan on gender equality, has increased women’s participation in the political decision-making process, has strengthened the framework of legal measures on gender-based violence, has combatted violence against women, and girls and has strengthened measures to combat domestic violence against women and girls. … Timor-Leste supports these recommendations to engage in efforts to further improve the percentage of women within formal work arrangements, to strengthen their capacity to actively participate in supply chains and markets, to further reduce sexual violence and gender-based violence, to further combat gender-based violence and promote gender equality and pay more attention to violence against women and children including violence based on their sexual orientation and gender identity.