UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 36901 - 36925 of 58160 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    El Salvador

    El Salvador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • Marginalized groups of women
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue its efforts aimed at ensuring respect for, and eradication of discrimination against, indigenous peoples and persons of African descent, in particular women and girls.
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    Holy See

    Holy See
    Regional group
    Observer
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue monitoring and fighting the trafficking of persons and therefore renew the National Plan against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents.
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    Ethiopia

    Ethiopia
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Issue:
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Intensify efforts to improve maternal and child health in the country.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 45) The number of maternity facilities increased from 165 to 178 and the number of health centres increased from 1,287 to 1,520. The Mobile Clinics Programme 8 was launched in 2016 and has treated 2,820,982 persons in 66 clinics; and 83 facilities for persons with special needs were constructed.9 The number of doctors increased from 5,566 to 6,318 and the number of health workers increased from 31,124 to 35,841. The maternal mortality rate decreased from 37 to 34 deaths10 per 100,000 live births.

    UN Compilation:
    Para 62) ECLAC noted that there was a downward trend in maternal mortality in Nicaragua.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 63) IPAS indicated that, although maternal mortality rates had fallen, the numbers were still unacceptable, since it was the more remote departments, such as the Caribbean coast and Jinotega, that reported the most deaths.
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    El Salvador

    El Salvador
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Rejected
    Contents:
    Continue making efforts to align its legislation with the obligations emanating from the CEDAW.
    Explanation
    El Estado de Nicaragua en uso de su soberanía considera que no es el momento para sumarse a nuevos compromisos internacionales que suponen una carga administrativa y presupuestaria adicional para el país. El gobierno de Nicaragua está convencido de la necesidad de proteger y promover los derechos humanos en todas sus esferas y para ello ha establecido una serie de prioridades nacionales en cuales está trabajando.

    Si bien Nicaragua no forma parte aun de los instrumentos internacionales señalados en esas recomendaciones, el Estado desea reafirmar que no por ello existe un vacío de protección y de vulnerabilidad de los derechos humanos. Nicaragua cuenta con un marco normativo vasto que garantiza el pleno goce de los derechos humanos de todas y todos los nicaragüenses.
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    Netherlands

    Netherlands
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Rejected
    Contents:
    Decriminalize abortion in cases of incest and rape and in cases in which the life or physical integrity of women and adolescents is endangered.
    Explanation
    Las recomendaciones 116.24, y 117. 19 a la 117. 31; relacionadas reformar la ley sobre el aborto reiteramos que Nicaragua no las acepta, porque sería contrario a la voluntad popular y soberana de los nicaragüenses que a través de un proceso democrático expresaron estar a favor de la penalización del aborto.

    El pueblo de Nicaragua considera el derecho a la vida del no nato y que el aborto no es un método de control de natalidad y afecta la salud de la mujer; las normas obligan atender a toda mujer en proceso de aborto más aún cuando la vida de la madre está en peligro, implementando el Protocolo de Procedimiento.

    La Estrategia Nacional de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva contempla objetivos estratégicos como mejorar la salud materna y perinatal, fomentando la maternidad y paternidad responsable. Se impulsan programas de prevención mediante educación continua sobre planificación familiar y riesgo reproductivo, entregando anticonceptivos hasta el nivel comunitario.
    Implementation
    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 64) IPAS stated that Nicaragua had become one of six countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to fully criminalize abortion, and that it had upheld the complete criminalization of abortion for more than eleven years, ignoring the recommendations of various treaty bodies and the universal periodic review. The Centro de Información y Servicios de Asesoría en Salud (Health Information and Advisory Services Centre) (CISAS) reported that under the Criminal Code women, adolescents and girls who obtained abortions were liable to one to four years’ imprisonment. CISAS added that because of the ban on abortion, such procedures were carried out in secret.
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... CRC recommended the approval of the new Civil Registry Law. [Para 31]
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Abortion
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS9 recommended that the State take the actions necessary to allow for therapeutic abortions to be performed to save the life or safeguard the health of women in cases of rape or incest and cases of congenital defects incompatible with life. [Para 62]
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • HIV and AIDS
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    19th session, May 2014
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    In the context of its monitoring role, the Office of the Human Rights Advocate continues to carry out verification procedures, focusing on education, health, violence against women, disability, HIV/AIDS and sexual diversity, drawing up recommendations for the competent bodies to improve the fulfilment of the human rights of persons in each of those areas. [Para 108]
  • State Under Review:

    Nicaragua

    Nicaragua
    Regional group
    GRULAC
    Political group
    OAS
    OEI
    ACS
    Source Of Reference:

    Outcome Report

    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Comment
    Session:
    33rd Session, May 2019
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    Istituto Internazionale Maria Ausiliatrice delle Salesiane di Don Bosco, in a joint statement co-sponsored by the International Volunteerism Organization for Women, Education and Development, appreciated the acceptance of various recommendations related to children, youth and women rights, but considered that major efforts were needed to ensure the full enjoyment of rights, particularly in the field of education by vulnerable groups. It recommended Nicaragua to ... protect children and women against violence, through awareness raising campaigns and human rights education. [Para 923]
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    10th session, February 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "CEDAW in 2007 and the ILO Committee of Experts in 2010 expressed concern
    that some of Niger’s labour laws contained certain protective measures excluding women
    from employment to protect their health and safety but may create obstacles to women’s
    participation in the labour market and perpetuate gender role stereotypes. The ILO
    Committee requested Niger to amend these laws, and also to abolish any provision which
    discriminated against women in the public service, while CEDAW urged Niger to ensure
    equal opportunities for, and equal treatment of, women and men in the labour market, and in
    particular to strengthen its labour inspectorate. [Para 31]"
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Birth registration
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    10th session, February 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Strengthen its efforts to ensure that all children, especially Mahamid children, are registered and ensure that institutional registration structures are free and accessible, especially in rural and remote areas. [Para 24; CRC]
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Portugal

    Portugal
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Proceed with the internal measures necessary to comply with the obligations arising from the OP-ICESCR.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Repeal all norms/standards that discriminate against women, remove all reservations to the CEDAW and promote gender equality by introducing public awareness-raising programmes.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Prohibit the harmful practices such as the female genital mutilation and the Wahaya or practice of the fifth wife converted into sexual slave.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Switzerland

    Switzerland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure the education and training of girls and women, including access to education on sexual and reproductive health.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ... UNHCR recommended capacity-building for all relevant stakeholders to enhance the protection of women and children. [Para 23]
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    India

    India
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue with policy measures for the progressive realization of gender equality.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Montenegro

    Montenegro
    Regional group
    EEG
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Investigate effectively cases of child trafficking, child prostitution and child pornography, and to punish and prosecute the perpetrators with appropriate sanctions in accordance with the gravity of their crimes.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    France

    France
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Protect the rights of women and girls, including by lifting reservations to the CEDAW.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Japan

    Japan
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    • Forced marriage
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Eliminate all harmful practices such as child marriage, forced marriage, and female genital mutilation.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Togo

    Togo
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue awareness-raising campaigns and open and inclusive public debates with the participation of all relevant stakeholders on the importance of a comprehensive and coherent legal reform to achieve effective equality between men and women.
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    Spain

    Spain
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    OEI
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    10th session, February 2011
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    ... Withdraw the reservations made to CEDAW.
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Pg 17) - Discussions continue on the withdrawal of reservations to the CEDAW, despite obstacles posed by sociocultural inertia;
    - In 2014, a committee was set up to examine the possibility of withdrawing reservations; 3 meetings held by the committee.
    - Three-year communications plan for the period 2015-2017 has been formulated in order to achieve the withdrawal of reservations; The results and impact will be evaluated as the implementation of the plan progresses.

    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 1) The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) stated that, despite recommendations received during its first universal periodic review, the Niger maintained reservations to CEDAW ...
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    10th session, February 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    CEDAW encouraged Niger to incorporate in its Constitution or other appropriate legislation a definition of discrimination against women, encompassing both direct and indirect discrimination, in line with the Convention. [Para 2]
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Early marriage
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Forced marriage
    • Female genital mutilation / cutting
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    10th session, February 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "Early and forced marriages are a reality in Niger. According to the 2006 Demographic and Health Survey and the multiple indicator cluster survey, half of the women in the age group 25–49 had been married by the age of 15.5 years. The median age at first marriage had increased slightly from 1998, when it was 15.1 years. In 2006, the national prevalence rate of female genital mutilation/excision was 2.2 per cent, i.e. half the 1998 figure of 5.6 per cent. [Para 101]"
  • State Under Review:

    Niger

    Niger
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Harmful practices based on cultural / traditional values
    • Forced marriage
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    10th session, February 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "In June 2010, UNICEF noted that violence against women was multiform, and generally admitted to be widespread. In addition to physical, verbal and psychological violence, there was the violence linked to traditional beliefs and tolerated by society, despite its physical, moral and economic consequences for women and their children in terms of repudiation, confinement, forced marriages and discrimination in the right to inheritance. In 2007, CEDAW raised similar concerns and recommended that Niger place the highest priority on implementing a comprehensive approach to address all forms of violence against women. [Para 12]"

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