UPR Sexual Rights Database

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UN Member State that is reviewed on its human rights record as part of the UPR process.

Categories of the types of information used during reviews

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Source of Reference

Recommending State

UN Member State or Permanent Observer making sexual rights related recommendations, comments or asking questions to the State under Review.

Review Documentation

Sources of information used as the basis for a State’s review.  Includes the State’s National Report, UN Compilation Report and a Stakeholder Summary.

UN Regional Group to which State under Review belongs.

UN Regional Group to which Recommending State belongs.

This will only match recommendations where the Source of Review is a State.

Implementation notes

State responses to recommendations and issues raised in the UN Compilation and Stakeholder summary.

Displaying 45451 - 45475 of 58126 recommendations found
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    [CRC] recommended that the State develop a standardized information system in order to facilitate analysis and cross-referencing of data, in particular with regard to cases involving child abuse, neglect, exploitation and sexual exploitation and children with disabilities. [Para 93]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    JS2 recommended that the Government rectify media codes, policies, and practices that prohibit neutral or positive portrayals of LGBTQ persons. [Para 14]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    [CEDAW] recommended that the State apply temporary special measures, such as outreach or support programmes, targeted recruitment, hiring and promotion, quotas and numerical goals associated with time frames, in areas in which women continue to be underrepresented or disadvantaged, including public and political life and employment. [Para 80]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Egypt

    Egypt
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Trafficking in women and / or girls
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Further strengthen its measures to combat all forms of trafficking in women and children and protecting and rehabilitating its victims.
    Implementation
    UN Compilation:
    Para 45) CEDAW remained concerned that the State continued to be a destination and transit country for trafficking in women and girls for purposes of sexual and labour exploitation.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Rights of same-sex desiring persons
    • Transgender persons' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    ISHR also noted that media censorship laws in Singapore created a skewed portrayal of LGBTI individuals in local and mainstream media. Male same-sex relations were still criminalized and a 24-hour takedown requirement for 'material that advocates homosexuality or lesbianism' on popular websites was being introduced, placing LGBTI human rights defenders and human rights defenders advocating for LGBTI rights at risk. JS5 recommended that Singapore take all necessary measures to allow broadcasting of LGBTI content without any kind of restrictions in all media, including print media, television, film and web broadcasting. [Para 48]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Marital rape
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Sexual violence
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    The CEDAW urged Singapore to specifically criminalize domestic violence and marital rape, ensure that the definition of rape covers any non-consensual sexual act, and encourage women to report incidents of domestic and sexual violence ... [Para 16]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    The CEDAW also reiterated its previous concern about the situation of foreign wives of Singaporean citizens. It encouraged Singapore to provide work permits to foreign wives with a social visit pass and review its system of granting citizenship to foreign wives within a clear and reasonable time frame after marriage. Within the Committee's follow-up framework Singapore reported that the new Long Term Visit Pass Plus scheme had been introduced to provide greater support to Singaporean families with foreign spouses who were not yet permanent residents or citizens. The Committee regretted that there were conditions for obtaining the passes under the scheme. [Para 41]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Germany

    Germany
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the ICCPR, the ICESCR … and implement them into national law.
    Explanation
    Noted. We are unable to commit to ratifying any further treaties at this point. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, our outcomes are already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Cote d'Ivoire

    Cote d'Ivoire
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify the OP-CEDAW.
    Explanation
    Noted. We are unable to commit to ratifying any further treaties at this point. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, our outcomes are already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Israel

    Israel
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Sexual harassment
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Ensure that victims of sexual harassment in the workplace have access to effective complaints procedures, protection measures and recourse to remedies.
    Explanation
    Singapore also has robust legislation criminalising domestic violence under the Women’s Charter and the Penal Code.


  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Gabon

    Gabon
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Domestic violence
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue its efforts to combat domestic violence and trafficking in persons.
    Explanation
    Singapore enacted the Prevention of Human Trafficking Act (PHTA) in 2015 to specifically combat trafficking in persons (TIP). The definition of TIP in the Act is aligned to that under the UN TIP Protocol.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    India

    India
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue with measures in furtherance of gender equality, particularly in employment.
    Explanation
    Singapore’s approach to gender equality is founded on the principle of meritocracy where women in Singapore participate fully and equally in all spheres of life and at all levels. In 2017, Singapore’s first female President, Halimah Yacob, was elected into office.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Azerbaijan

    Azerbaijan
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    OIC
    CIS
    Issue:
    • Violence against women / gender-based violence
    • Domestic violence
    • Women's and / or girls' rights
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue ensuring that there are sufficient measures in place to protect the rights of women and girls, including from domestic violence.
    Explanation
    Singapore’s approach to gender equality is founded on the principle of meritocracy where women in Singapore participate fully and equally in all spheres of life and at all levels. In 2017, Singapore’s first female President, Halimah Yacob, was elected into office.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Iceland

    Iceland
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Issue:
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Decriminalize consensual sexual relations between adults of the same sex and expand its anti-discrimination legislation, to include a prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.
    Explanation
    Noted. Although Section 377A of the Penal Code remains in our statute books, it is not enforced. All Singapore citizens, regardless of their sexual orientation, are free to pursue their activities in their private space. We firmly oppose discrimination and harassment and have laws to protect all our citizens from such conduct. We will continue to manage the issue of LGBT rights in a sensitive and pragmatic way, so as to protect the vulnerable, uphold the family and preserve the common space for the diverse communities in Singapore.

  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Neglected
    Contents:
    Ensure that paid family, maternity and paternity leave is guaranteed to all employees in the public and private sectors, so as to ensure the equal sharing of family and work responsibilities between women and men. [Para 32; CEDAW]
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Morocco

    Morocco
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • Sexual exploitation / slavery
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Partially Accepted
    Contents:
    Continue to take appropriate measures at the national level with a view to ratifying international human rights instruments, notably those mentioned in paragraph 158 of the national report, including ... the OP-CRC-SC
    Implementation
    National Report:
    Para 60) Singapore is fully committed to our obligations under the CRC. We are currently considering accession to the OP-CRC-SC. Like the other treaties we accede to, we want to ensure that necessary legislation and resources are in place at the time of accession so that our obligations can be implemented immediately.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Egypt

    Egypt
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    OIC
    AL
    OIF
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Partially Accepted
    Contents:
    Consider acceding to ICESCR, the ICCPR, the CAT, and ICRMW.
    Implementation
    Stakeholder Summary:
    Para 1) AI noted that Singapore was yet to ratify the ICCPR and its OPs ... as recommended in the previous UPR.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    National Report

    Issue:
    • Maternal health / morbidity / mortality
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    "Aside from granting women equal access to healthcare resources, the Government
    also pays special attention to women’s healthcare needs. As a result, the life expectancy at
    birth of women increased from 80.4 years in 2001 to 83.7 years in 2009; while Singapore’s
    maternal mortality rate was zero in 2009, down from 8 per 100,000 live and still-births in
    2007, and among the lowest in the world. [Para 71]"
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Women's participation
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "CEDAW was concerned that women continued to be underrepresented at senior
    levels within the public administration, including the diplomatic service, judiciary and
    educational institutions, as well as the private sector, and that there were no women
    ministers in the Cabinet. While noting the progress made with regard to the representation
    of women in Parliament, CEDAW was concerned that the proportion of women
    parliamentarians was also still low. [Para 15]"
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Stakeholder Summary

    Issue:
    • Criminal laws on same-sex sexual practices
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    11th session, May 2011
    Status:
    Reference Addressed
    Contents:
    "Joint Submission 5 (JS5) noted that Singapore maintained criminal sanctions against sexual activity between consenting adults of the same sex and recommended that Singapore repeal relevant legal provisions. PLU noted that, whilst there had been no known recent prosecution of consenting adults engaged in private sexual relations, men caught in intimate
    situations with each other in public places had been prosecuted under the Penal Code. [Para 28]"
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Latvia

    Latvia
    Regional group
    EEG
    Political group
    EU
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Ratify all core human rights treaties to which it is not yet a party, including the ICCPR, ICESCR ...
    Explanation
    Noted. About a quarter of the recommendations that we noted relate to the ratification of international human rights treaties. Singapore takes our treaty obligations seriously and engages actively with the relevant treaty bodies. We also have a process under our Inter-Ministerial Committee on Human Rights to actively review Singapore's ability to ratify additional human rights treaties. Since we cannot prejudge the outcome of the review process, we are unable to commit ourselves to ratifying any of these specific treaties at this time, apart from the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OP-CRC-SC), for which a review has already been completed. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, it does not mean that our outcomes are not already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Namibia

    Namibia
    Regional group
    Africa Group
    Political group
    AU
    Commonwealth
    Issue:
    • International human rights instruments
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Consider ratifying the ICESCR, ICCPR ...
    Explanation
    Noted. About a quarter of the recommendations that we noted relate to the ratification of international human rights treaties. Singapore takes our treaty obligations seriously and engages actively with the relevant treaty bodies. We also have a process under our Inter-Ministerial Committee on Human Rights to actively review Singapore's ability to ratify additional human rights treaties. Since we cannot prejudge the outcome of the review process, we are unable to commit ourselves to ratifying any of these specific treaties at this time, apart from the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OP-CRC-SC), for which a review has already been completed. While Singapore may not be party to a particular human rights treaty yet, it does not mean that our outcomes are not already fully or largely in compliance with its objectives.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    United States

    United States
    Regional group
    WEOG
    Political group
    OAS
    Issue:
    • Intersex persons' rights
    • Discrimination based on sexual orientation
    • Discrimination based on gender identity
    Type:
    Question
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    N/A
    Contents:
    What steps is the government taking to remove discriminatory guidelines in its media codes to end censorship and negative portrayals of LGBTQI+ persons in the media?
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    Timor-Leste

    Timor-Leste
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Issue:
    • Gender equality
    Type:
    Recommendation
    Session:
    24th session, January 2016
    Status:
    Unclear Response
    Contents:
    Consider incorporating into its legislation a definition of discrimination against women.
    Explanation
    Noted. The Singapore Constitution enshrines the principle of equality of all persons before the law. This provision encompasses non-discrimination in relation to women. In addition to the Constitution, the rights of women are protected in legislation such as the Employment Act, the Women's Charter, the Children and Young Persons Act, the Penal Code, the Protection from Harassment Act and the Prevention of Human Trafficking Act. Any aggrieved woman is able to seek redress under such laws.
  • State Under Review:

    Singapore

    Singapore
    Regional group
    Asia-Pacific Group
    Political group
    ASEAN
    Commonwealth
    Source Of Reference:

    UN Compilation

    Issue:
    • Sexuality education
    Type:
    Review Documentation
    Session:
    38th Session, May 2021
    Status:
    Not Followed up with a Recommendation
    Contents:
    CEDAW recommended that the State modify the current school curricula to include age-appropriate education in sexual and reproductive health. [Para 65]