Displaying 43401 - 43425 of 58160 recommendations found
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:SingaporeSingaporeRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Continue its effort to combat domestic violence and promote gender equality.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 16) The following important international human rights instruments were ratified within the framework of the Council of Europe in the last five years: … Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (ratified in 2016), …
Para 37) The already mentioned Law no. 57/2016 has introduced, in compliance with the provisions set out in the Council of Europe’s Istanbul Convention, new crimes relating to violence against women, gender and domestic violence. In particular, the offences of forced marriage, female genital mutilation and forced sterilisation have been introduced. Moreover, Article 235 of the Criminal Code has been amended in relation to family maltreatment, also introducing the offence of domestic violence, and Article 179 bis of the Criminal Code has been supplemented with the prohibition to discriminate based on gender identity.
Para 38) Delegated Decree no. 56 of 17 May 2018 has introduced a series of provisions to provide the Authority for Equal Opportunities with operational tools aimed at coordinating all stakeholders involved in the prevention and protection of victims of violence. In recent years, the Authority has been providing information on and raising awareness of the provisions of the Law and has signed, in collaboration with the Social Security Institute, important agreements with reception facilities outside the territory to ensure effective support for victims of violence.
Para 39) Numerous initiatives aimed at preventing and combating violence against women and gender violence have been organised in collaboration with the Authority and the Department of Human Sciences of the University of San Marino, and in synergy with public and private bodies. Among these, worth mentioning are the following: (a) training courses for police forces, educators and health and social personnel on the correct application of the legislation on violence against women and gender violence; (b) Education to Affectivity Project, developed by the Observatory on Young People (“Osservatorio Giovani”), according to the guidelines of the Council of Europe’s Pestalozzi Project; (c) training theatre workshops linked to the wider project "Theatre and Citizenship", which were developed with a view to prevention, with the aim of hindering the emergence of problematic situations and promoting forms of self-protection of the younger generations by increasing their personal and social resources; (d) multidisciplinary activities for young people developed in collaboration with the Cultural Institutes, which aim to investigate diversity, starting from gender differences, to reflect on the possibility of recognising and enhancing them, to prevent discrimination and violent behaviour; (e) seminars to "recall" the new legislation on the fight against gender violence destined to schools but accessible to all operators involved in the network of services, in collaboration with the San Marino Association of Lawyers and Notaries.
Para 55) In 2016, the Department of Human Sciences of the University of San Marino, in collaboration with the Authority for Equal Opportunities, organised an in-depth seminar aimed at all San Marino teachers of all levels to provide them with adequate training in the prevention and suppression of violence against women and gender violence, as well as violence against children. The aim of the seminar was to provide teachers with up-to-date training in the light of San Marino laws and the Istanbul Convention, and to offer them useful tools for the prevention, identification and reporting of violence. With regard to the prevention and repression of violence against women and gender violence, in addition to school staff, the University of San Marino is called to train categories such as those related to law enforcement, the judiciary, professional associations and health and social services.
UN Compilation:
Para 25) The HR Committee … noted that the representation of women in political life remained weak, despite measures taken to remedy the situation, such as the adoption of Qualified Law No. 1/2008, which provided that each party list of candidates running for general elections should not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender. In that respect, the Committee noted with concern that only 10 of the 60 members of the Great and General Council and one of the nine Secretaries of State were women.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 41) OSCE/ODIHR NAM interlocutors expressed dissatisfaction with the lowering of the number of preferential votes, noting that this could decrease the chances for women to be elected, …
Para 62) CHR of CoE observed that San Marino signed the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention) in April 2014, but had not ratified it yet. Para 63) CHR of CoE particularly welcomed the adoption in 2008 of a Law for combatting violence against women and gender-based violence. In addition to thoroughly modifying criminal law provisions (for example by establishing injury, rape or murder committed by a partner or a member of the household as aggravating circumstances and by defining trafficking-related offences, as well as persecutory acts such as stalking or mobbing), the law also introduced several protective measures for the victims.
Para 66) CHR of CoE noted that San Marino abolished only relatively recently some dated legal provisions, such as those in the citizenship legislation, removed in 2004, preventing Sammarinese women from transmitting citizenship to their children at birth. Important progress has nevertheless been made in recent decades, including regarding women’s participation in the labour market. As of 2015, women made up around 45% of the workforce, most being employed in the public sector. However, according to official employment statistics, the unemployment rate for women was 11.56% as of May 2015, significantly higher compared to the rate for men (6.43%).
Para 67) OSCE/ODIHR observed that while women were well represented in the election administration, they were underrepresented in elected office. The impact of the gender quota on candidate lists can be limited due to the system of preferential voting.
Para 68) CHR of CoE observed that the representation of women in politics remains very weak, despite some legislative measures to bolster it.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:NeglectedContents:With regard to the principle of equal remuneration for men and women for work of equal value, the ILO Committee of Experts repeated its previous request that San Marino clarify the extent of the provision of Law No. 40 of 1981 on gender equality in the labour market concerning job classification systems; indicate any judicial or administrative decisions applying the [Law] ... in line with the principle of ... [ILO Equal Reumeration Convention (No. 100)]; provide information on the job classification methods used in accordance with the Law and on the manner in which it is ensured that the criteria followed are not intrinsically discriminatory and do not undervalue jobs traditionally performed by women. [Para 23] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:AustriaAustriaRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:AcceptedContents:To provide secure shelter, as well as psychological and other assistance, to victims of domestic violence.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 37) ... Delegated Decree no. 60 of 31 May 2012, implementing Article 4 of Law no. 97 of 20 June 2008, has established the various forms of assistance to the victims of violence.
Para 38) Such Decree specifies the operational tools of the Authority in the framework of the tasks entrusted by Law no. 97/2008. The Authority promotes and supports any initiative aimed at the prevention of violence, providing support to victims, including through the signing of specific operational protocols. It fosters and monitors the activities of the associations promoting awareness of the services that provide assistance and able to start prevention projects. In addition, it promotes the conclusion of a convention, on an annual basis and through the Directorate General of the Social Security Institute, with a "Shelter Centre" in the nearby or private facilities in the Republic of San Marino.
Para 40) The Mental Health Public Service offers psychological and other assistance to the victims of domestic violence and in 2012 a Centre of Assistance was established for the victims of violence, including stalking and mobbing. At the Centre of Assistance, psychologists provide support and advice to the victims of violence. In addition, the Authority for Equal Opportunities is available by phone 24 hours a day to provide support, assistance and cooperation to victims of violence, by guaranteeing anonymity. -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:BelarusBelarusRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISIssue:
- International human rights instruments
- Trafficking in women and / or girls
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:AcceptedContents:To ratify the Palermo ProtocolImplementationNational Report:
Para 19) On 1 July 2010, San Marino ratified the Palermo Protocol ... The Convention and the two Additional Protocols entered into force for San Marino on 19 August 2010. -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:Review DocumentationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:N/AContents:With regard to labour, Law No. 40 of 25 May 1981 prohibits any discrimination based on sex at all career levels. Today, the overall number of working women in San Marino accounts for about 42 percent of the total workforce. In the last 30 years, a widespread economic welfare and several provisions aimed at supporting women have enabled San Marino women to rapidly increase their participation in the social life of the Country. In addition, a relatively high number of women holds middle and middle-high ranking positions both in the public and the private sector. Different benefits (financial, tax benefits and real services) are envisaged for female proprietorships or companies owned by women or whose corporate capital is owned for 2/3 by women not exceeding 42 years of age (Law No. 134 of 24 November 1997). Finally, equal treatment in the field of work is also ensured by many provisions protecting maternity. [Para 35] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:SerbiaSerbiaRegional groupEEGIssue:
- International human rights instruments
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
- Domestic violence
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the Istanbul Convention on the prevention and combat of violence against women and domestic violence.
Explanationthe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention) was ratified by San Marino on 18 January 2016 and, subsequently, the San Marino Parliament adopted Law no. 57 of 6 May 2016 to implement and adapt San Marino legislation to the provisions of the Convention.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:BelarusBelarusRegional groupEEGPolitical groupCISIssue:
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:AcceptedContents:To ratify OP-CRC-SCImplementationNational Report:
Para 18) On 21 July 2011, San Marino ratified the two OPs to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography ... The two Protocols entered into force for San Marino on 26 October 2011. -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:HondurasHondurasRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIACSIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Intensify efforts to eliminate gender stereotypes and take measures to ensure the representation of women in political life, by adopting adequate measures to make effective the provisions of the ICCPR.
Explanationthe San Marino legal system already contains measures to increase the representation of women in political life, such as the mandatory representation of at least 1/3 of women in electoral lists of political forces. After the last general elections, held on 8 December 2019, women participation in Parliament raised to 31.5%, compared to 26.3% of the previous legislature. In addition, one of the two Heads of State for the current six-month term and the Minister of Internal Affairs are women. With regard to public officials, women, also in managerial positions, hold most of these positions in San Marino.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:SwedenSwedenRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
Type:QuestionSession:7th session, February 2010Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:Full equality and freedom from discrimination, including with regard to sexual orientation, are guaranteed under the Declaration on the Citizens Rights and Fundamental Principles of San Marino Constitutional Order and other San Marino law. At the same time, civil society organisations have reported that the lack of formal recognition of non-traditional family models such as unmarried partners, cohabitants and same-sex civil partners have resulted in disparities in the enjoyment of family-related social welfare and other public benefits, employment and immigration. -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:UN CompilationIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
- Gender perspective in policies, programmes
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:UNHCR recommended that the Government of San Marino establish a gender- and age-sensitive refugee status determination procedure. [Para 33]
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Marginalized groups of women
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CHR of CoE encouraged the Sammarinese authorities to pay special attention to women of foreign nationality in San Marino, and in particular to private carers and domestic workers. He welcomed the extension of the 11-month period of stay to 12 months, but considers that this measure should also be supported with better attention, including through labour inspections, to the working conditions of these women. [Para 77]
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:PhilippinesPhilippinesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Continue to ensure that women are given equitable access to the labour market ...ImplementationNational Report:
Para 44) The Commission and the Authority often promote initiatives to raise public awareness of the difficulties encountered by women in their daily lives: to mention just one of these initiatives, on 8 March 2019, on the occasion of Women's Day, the initiative "In our shoes" was organised, with a particular focus on national activities and legislation to combat discrimination against women in both the labour and the political world.
Para 107) Law no. 115/2017 and subsequent amendments introduced incentives for the hiring of certain categories of workers, including women returning to work after the period of abstention provided for maternity or adoption and women enrolled in the unemployment lists of part-time jobs that are hired for a new job for less than 25 hours per week.
Para 108) In addition, a special economic bonus has been introduced for companies that employ female workers on an open-ended basis. This bonus could only be used for 2018 and only in case of women not falling within one of the categories described above.
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 66) … Important progress has nevertheless been made in recent decades, including regarding women’s participation in the labour market. As of 2015, women made up around 45% of the workforce, most being employed in the public sector. However, according to official employment statistics, the unemployment rate for women was 11.56% as of May 2015, significantly higher compared to the rate for men (6.43%).
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:Review DocumentationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:Reference AddressedContents:OSCE/ODIHR also noted that women's political representation remained low and, at the time of the reporting (November 2012), of the 60 members of parliament, nine were women, while two out of ten government ministers were women. [Para 34] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:ArgentinaArgentinaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- Other
Type:QuestionSession:7th session, February 2010Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:What steps have been taken, in accordance with recommendations made by the HR Committee, [...] to ensure non-discrimination of children born in San Marino, if one of the parents is a foreigner? -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Sexual abuse
- Sexual exploitation / slavery
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:N/AContents:Extensive information is provided in the country to combat all forms of violence
against children. In 2015, San Marino joined the day established by the Committee of
Ministers of the Council of Europe against sexual abuse and exploitation of children,
through intense awareness raising activities against sexual abuse aimed primarily at parents
and educators. This also involved the civil society and State television, which broadcast the
advertisement produced by the Council of Europe entitled "Kiko and the Hand", as part of
the Council of Europe’s Campaign called “One in five”. [Para 54] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:Reference AddressedContents:"In 2009, JS1 reported that non-conventional family models such as unmarried partners, cohabitants and same-sex civil partners are not recognised and therefore do not have the same rights when it comes to inheritance or residency. JS1 stressed that San Marino should take all necessary legislative, administrative and other measures to ensure that no family maybe subjected to discrimination on the basis of the sexual orientation or gender identity of any of its members, including with regard to family-related social welfare and other public benefits, employment and immigration. [Para 21]" -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:PhilippinesPhilippinesRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupASEANIssue:
- Violence against women / gender-based violence
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Strengthen programs on addressing gender-based violence and ensure allocation of sufficient resources to competent institutions.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:PortugalPortugalRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- Discrimination based on gender identity
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Unclear ResponseContents:Takes the necessary measures to strengthen its legal framework against discrimination, in particular, by enacting comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation covering all grounds for discrimination, including gender identity.
ExplanationNoted …. it is considered that there is no need to specifically include gender identity between the grounds for discrimination, since Article 4 of the “Declaration on the Citizens’ Rights and Fundamental Principles of San Marino Constitutional Order” already provides for a comprehensive prohibition of unequal treatment or discrimination with the wording “All shall be equal before the law, without any distinction based on [...] personal status”.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:Stakeholder SummaryIssue:
- Intersex persons' rights
- Transgender persons' rights
Type:Review DocumentationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:CHR of CoE recommended the introduction of a legal framework ensuring the legal recognition of a person’s gender in a swift, transparent and accessible way based on selfdetermination. ... [Para 12] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:SwedenSwedenRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUIssue:
- Other
- Rights of same-sex desiring persons
Type:RecommendationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:RejectedContents:To take further steps to ensure the equal protection of the rights of persons in non-traditional family models, such as unmarried partners, cohabitants and same-sex civil partners.ExplanationThe special role played by the family has always been recognised in the Republic of San Marino, since it is a fundamental and highly valuable unit of society. According to the family law presently in force, family is based on marriage, which is defined as the "union between a man and a woman, based on the free and responsible choice and on the moral and legal equality of both partners" (Art. 1 of Law no. 49 of 26 April 1986). The San Marino Welfare State provides for several social benefits and assistance measures to support also non-conventional family models. However, there are still differences between traditional family models based on marriage and other models. Therefore, the Republic of San Marino is not in a position to accept Recommendations 28/29/30.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 73) San Marino continues to protect the institution of the family, understood as a union between a man and a woman which includes children born or adopted during the marriage ...
Stakeholder Summary:
Para 8) CoE-ECRI noted that a law amending the Criminal Code with new provisions against discrimination based on ... sexual orientation grounds had been passed ... -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:PortugalPortugalRegional groupWEOGPolitical groupEUOEIIssue:
- International human rights instruments
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Ratify the OP-CRC-IC , which establishes a complaints mechanism.ExplanationThe OP-CRC-IC is currently being considered.ImplementationNational Report:
Para 15) In accordance with the recommendations accepted in the second UPR round: … (c) on 27 September 2018, San Marino acceded to the OP-CRC-IC, done at New York on 19 December 2011;
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:GhanaGhanaRegional groupAfrica GroupPolitical groupAUOIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Gender equality
- Women's and / or girls' rights
- Women's participation
Type:RecommendationSession:20th session, November 2014Status:AcceptedContents:Adopt measures to ensure a fair representation of women in ministerial positions of the country.ExplanationWomen's right to vote and to stand as a candidate is exercised on the basis of gender equality. In order to address the low presence of women in institutions, the last electoral reform (Qualified Law no. 1 of 5 August 2008) provides that each party list for the general elections in the country shall not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender (the so-called "obligatory quotas for women")ImplementationNational Report:
Para 40) San Marino has a very advanced legislation and provides for guarantees regarding the participation of women in politics and elected offices. Under Article 15 of Law no. 6/1996 and subsequent amendments, the electoral lists for the election of the Great and General Council (Parliament) shall not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender (the so-called "gender quotas"). In addition, the same electoral legislation provides that in the event of a tie between two candidates, the first criterion on which to make the choice is gender, and in case of a different gender, the woman is the winner. In this process of emancipation, worth noting is that, to date, 25% of the Parliament’s members are women.
Para 41) In the six-month mandate from 1 April to 1 October 2017, for the first time two women were elected Captains Regent (Heads of State).
Para 42) Currently, the Government has only one female member out of seven ministers, but recently (2008-2012 legislature) two key ministries (Foreign Affairs and Internal Affairs) were run by two women for the entire legislature.
Para 43) The full participation of women in policy and decision-making processes is monitored by the aforementioned Commission and Authority for Equal Opportunities.
Para 44) The Commission and the Authority often promote initiatives to raise public awareness of the difficulties encountered by women in their daily lives: to mention just one of these initiatives, on 8 March 2019, on the occasion of Women's Day, the initiative "In our shoes" was organised, with a particular focus on national activities and legislation to combat discrimination against women in both the labour and the political world.
Para 45) In 2017, San Marino joined the Group of Friends for Gender Equality, with the aim of promoting women's leadership as a prerequisite for promoting international peace and development.
UN Compilation:
Para 25) The HR Committee … noted that the representation of women in political life remained weak, despite measures taken to remedy the situation, such as the adoption of Qualified Law No. 1/2008, which provided that each party list of candidates running for general elections should not include more than two thirds of candidates of the same gender. In that respect, the Committee noted with concern that only 10 of the 60 members of the Great and General Council and one of the nine Secretaries of State were women.
Stakeholders Summary:
Para 41) OSCE/ODIHR NAM interlocutors expressed dissatisfaction with the lowering of the number of preferential votes, noting that this could decrease the chances for women to be elected, …
Para 67) OSCE/ODIHR observed that while women were well represented in the election administration, they were underrepresented in elected office. The impact of the gender quota on candidate lists can be limited due to the system of preferential voting.
Para 68) CHR of CoE observed that the representation of women in politics remains very weak, despite some legislative measures to bolster it.
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State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:ArgentinaArgentinaRegional groupGRULACPolitical groupOASOEIIssue:
- Gender equality
Type:QuestionSession:7th session, February 2010Status:Not Followed up with a RecommendationContents:What administrative or judicial decisions have been taken to enforce the law No. 40 of 1981 along the lines of the principle of the ILO Equal Remuneration Convention, so as to ensure equality between men and women in the workplace? -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:National ReportIssue:
- Early marriage
Type:Review DocumentationSession:7th session, February 2010Status:N/AContents:Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986 on Family Law, in setting forth the subjective requirements for spouses, stipulates that marriage cannot be contracted by a minor, unless the minor is at least 16 years old and has been authorised by a judge to marry on serious grounds, or by a person in respect of whom a judgment for disqualification has been passed or is pending. [Para 109] -
State Under Review:San MarinoSan MarinoRegional groupWEOGSource Of Reference:FijiFijiRegional groupAsia-Pacific GroupPolitical groupPIFCommonwealthIssue:
- Women's and / or girls' rights
Type:RecommendationSession:34th Session, November 2019Status:AcceptedContents:Ensure that women, children, and persons with disabilities are meaningfully engaged in the development of legislation, policies and programs on climate change and disaster risk reduction.